For more information verify the U-Boot Manual[1]. You need the "lrzsz" package to add support on minicom to transfer over serial: aptitude install lrzsz Open Minicom and power-on the board. When the U-Boot prompt appears: => Type the command to transfer the u-boot.bin binary: => loady Then press the combination keys: Ctrl+a s Then select the option: ymodem A text mode "file explorer" will appear. Select the desired binary (u-boot.bin) pressing "Space" key. The file transfer will start. To execute the uploaded file just issue: => go 0x100000 Replace 0x100000 with your TEXT_BASE address.

NXP i.MX 8 series of application processors support running ArmV8a 64-bit and ArmV7a 32-bit user space programs.  A Hello World program that prints the size of a long int is cross-compiled as 32-bit and as 64-bit from an Ubuntu host and then each is copied to MCIMX8MQ-EVK and run. Resources: Ubuntu 18.04 LTS Host i.MX 8M Evaluation Kit|NXP  MCIMX8MQ-EVK Linux Binary Demo Files - i.MX 8MQuad EVK L4.9.88_2.0.0_GA release Source Code: Create a file with contents below using your favorite editor, example name hello-sizeInt.c. #include <stdio.h> int main (int argc, char **argv) { printf ("Hello World, size of long int: %zd\n", sizeof (long int)); return 0; }‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ Ubuntu host packages: $ sudo apt-get install -y gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf $ sudo apt-get install -y gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu‍‍‍‍ Line 1 installs the ArmV7a cross-compile tools: arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc is used to cross compile on Ubuntu host Line 2 install the ArmV8a cross-compile tools: aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc is used to cross compile on Ubuntu host Create Linux User Space Applications Build each application and use the static option to gcc to include run time libraries. Build ArmV7a 32-bit application: $ arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -static hello-sizeInt.c -o hello-armv7a‍-static‍‍ Build ArmV8a 64-bit application: $ aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -static  hello-sizeInt.c -o hello-armv8a‍-static‍‍ Copy Hello applications from Ubuntu host and run on MCIMX8MQ-EVK Using a SDCARD written with images from L4.9.88_2.0.0 Linux release (see resources for image link), power on EVK with Ethernet connected to network and Serial Console port which was connected to a windows 10 PC. Launched a terminal client (TeraTerm) to access console port. Login credentials: root and no password needed. Since Ethernet was connected a DHCP IP address was acquired, 192.168.1.241 on the EVK.  On the Ubuntu host, secure copy the hello applications to EVK: $ scp hello-armv7a-static root@192.168.1.241:~/ hello-armv7a-static                           100%  389KB   4.0MB/s   00:00    $ scp hello-armv8a-static root@192.168.1.241:~/ hello-armv8a-static                           100%  605KB   4.7MB/s   00:00 ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ Run: root@imx8mqevk:~# ./hello-armv8a-static Hello World, sizeof long int: 8 root@imx8mqevk:~# ./hello-armv7a-static Hello World, sizeof long int: 4‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍

These instructions used ltib-imx27ads-20071219. First, get u-boot v2.0: git clone http://git.denx.de/u-boot-v2.git u-boot-v2 Enter the U-Boot directory: cd u-boot-v2 Export the proper compilation paths and environment variables: export ARCH=arm export PATH="$PATH:/opt/freescale/usr/local/gcc-4.1.2-glibc-2.5-nptl-3/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin/" export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabi- Configure it for the i.MX27ADS board: make mx27ads_defconfig You may want to enable the FEC driver: make menuconfig And go to Drivers -> Network drivers and select Yes on i.MX FEC Ethernet driver Exit the config menu (don't forget to save the configuration) and just make it: make Or if you prefer the verbose mode make V=1 After a quick build, you should get a uboot.bin on your current directory. I used the ADS Toolkit to program the NOR flash.

You can boot from SPI NOR Flash using the following procedure:      1 - Download ATK Release 1.7. The version ATK 1.7 can be downloaded here. 2 - Unzip file iMX_AdvancedToolKit_R170.zip into "C:\Program Files\freescale\AdvancedToolKit-STD\image\".      3 - Open the file "C:\Program Files\freescale\AdvancedToolKit-STD\config\ADSToolkit.cfg" and add the following lines: [MX25_TO11] MMC/SD::image\mx25_mmc.bin:0x(unknown) NAND::image\mx25_nand.bin:0x(unknown) SPI::image\mx25_spi.bin:0x(unknown) [MX31]   4 - Set the SPI Boot Config on MX25PDK:   SW22: no influence SW21[1-8]: 11110010 BT_MEM_CTL[0:1] = 11 (Expansion) BT_MEM_TYPE[0:1] = 11 (Serial ROM via SPI) BT_PAGE_SIZE[0:1] = no influence BT_BUS_WIDTH[0:1] = 10 (3-Address SPI (24-bit) Note: BT_BUS_WIDTH[0]=1, BT_BUS_WIDTH[1]=0 On Debug Board the red switches: (SW5-SW10) = 000011 (0=off) Boot Config Switches (SW21, SW22) on Personality Board have no influence.   5 - Connect USB or Serial cable between Host PC and PDK and execute ATK   6 - Select USB/UART serial boot on MX25PDK and power on the board   7 - Configure ATK as following: Device = i.MX25_TO1.1 device memory initial = DDR2 Communication channel: COMn (select the COM port on your PC) or Communication channel: USB If you choose COM (serial UART connection) you MUST disconnect USB cable from OTG connector on i.MX25 PDK.   8 - Configure ATK "Flash Tool" as following: Tick "Program" Tick "Read Back Check" Flash Model = SPI Address = 0x0 Image = mx25_3stack_redboot_TO1_1.bin (same file as for NAND boot). Same should be applicable to U-boot.   Note: SPI NOR Boot requires internal boot mode. On Debug Card all red switches must be off (SW5-SW10) = 000000 (0=off). Note: if booting from SPI NOR, Redboot needs approx 2 seconds before it shows messages on the console.

Background Configure Trace32 Attach to SCFW with Lauterbach Snooping Perf Examples Example 1 : Snoop a function call (or a variable) Example 2: MonitorFrame Per Second Example 3: Monitor Frame Per Second and rendering size Background None of my automotive have trace pins on their board. Trace is consequently not possible. Anyway you can do "Snooping" with your Lauterbach JTAG probe. Snooping just send data as fast as possible. In the following example I will Snoop the i.MX8X' SCFW, notice I do not have the sources (except board.c) but I have the elf file (thus I have debug info with functions names for instance). Notice Snooping is available on all MCU/MPU with JTAG.   In my case I used it for the first time in 2015 on Vybrid, our first heterogeneous dual core (Cortex-A5 & Cortex-M4) with no XRDC... My customer has sent the final product with a JTAG connector and flashed SW product to me. I had a laconic comment: "software is done all around the world in UK, India and the US, when we flash all the software the Vybrid Reset for some version, we don't have the sources for this specific software we have flashed in this product. Good Luck". In this case snooping on both core at the same time was the only solution for me... At the end I have discovered (thanks to the last PC addresses before the crash) the cortex-A5 was deconfiguring a pin of the QSPI flash interface on which the M4 was eXecuting In Place (XiP). Configure Trace32 When your Trace32 is open, CPU>>System Settings... menu and configure the JtagClock as fast as possible (here 40MHz) to have fast data streaming: go in Trace>>Configuration menu Select "SNOOPer" Select to stream the Pointer Counter thus select the mode "PC" Pass to State to "Arm" You can increase also the SIZE of the buffer Launch your code: Attach to SCFW with Lauterbach In Trace32, CPU>>System Settings, chose IMX8QXP-SCU: And then do an "Attach": Then yu should see your SCU core running: Snooping And break your code, your "used" field " should be filled: Open Trace>>List>>Default Click on "Chart" On the trace list you can see the sampling rate: around 48µs in our case. It means you may (almost) not see functions lasting less than 48µs (depends when it is sampled), or you'll see it sometimes. But for performance analysis it can be useful to see which function is too slow (rather then instrument the code), but as I mentioned in my case function has to last more than 48µs! Perf You can also get Performance analysis. But keep in mind if your function is faster than 48µs in my case, the result will not be accurate! Go in Perf>>Perf Configuration (it can also be done un real time with Perf>>Perf List Dynamic)... and select "Snoop": Then put the State in "Arm" and click on "List" to open the "List Window" Launch your code and stop it. In the "List" window you'll see all the function ranked according to their usage occurrence (my SCFW is almost always in sleep!) Examples Example 1 : Snoop a function call (or a variable) With Snooping you cannot trace a function calls. To do that I add a global variable in the function. You'll have a little overhead due to that. I will use an i.MXRT1170 with the SDK 2.6.1. I have built the Tiger example (vglite). April 4th 2020: i.MXRT1170 is not public, meaning not officially supported by Lauterbach. Please follow the instruction in my SharePoint folder (if the link disappears, it may signify i.MXRT1170 is supported) to add support of the i.MXRT1170. https://nxp1-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/vincent_aubineau_nxp_com/Ej8ID8mXaNZPnVgTWgYgqHQBzR0XcE0K4sl1WusR3UMBnw?e=…  I want to know the framerate. To do that I have to monitor the redraw() calls. What I do, is I put the "n" variable as global. Trace>>Configuration ... Chose "memory" and "changes" (to log only when the variable is changing): Then then click on select... and "i" Search for "n" variable and select it: Launch your software and then do a break. Click on "List": You have the list of your function call (as you can see it is not always the same), in the "ti. call" you have the duration between 2 call (keep in mind the function must not be called at high frequency: If you click on "draw", you can display the variable values (click on  to scale it): Example 2: Monitor Frame Per Second I can also monitor the fps if I pass "time" variable global: And you can have a reprensentation of you fps (notive I have unchecked "Changes" to have an easy to intrepret curve Example 3: Monitor Frame Per Second and rendering size Results often depends of several variables. If you display 2 variables on 1 display window, if the 2 variable does not have the same range, it is not easy to observe. The best solution I have found in this case is to have 2 "Draw" Windows. Add the 2 variables in the "SElect" field ("time" and "ScaleCount", beware, it is case sensitive). Launch your code, and stop it after a while. Then right click on the "time" and "ScaleCount" variable in your code to display 2 "Draw" window: Thus you have 2 "Draw" windows, and you see FPS depends on rendering size... logical!  

i.MX27 and i.MX31 Issues When Interfacing Micron's 78nm mDDRs Micron is discontinuing some "-75" mDDR parts (133MHz) popular on i.MX27 and i.MX31 designs, newer "-6" are being used to replace the EOL devices. However, loss of data issues may be experienced when i.MX mDDR controller is used to interface with newer Micron's mDDR. On some cases, the bootloader works, memory tests on RedBoot pass. However, Linux hangs when booting. Here are the DDR Controller configuration changes that may be used to avoid the issue: (This configuration is not proven to work on every design, but has been validated on at least 3 different boards.) ESDRAMC Configuration Registers Set ESDCFG0/1 to 0x0079D72F 0xD800_1004 = 0x79D72F Drive Strength Control Registers Use "Normal". i.MX27 Default. Enhanced MDDR Delay Line Configuration Debug Register Set the ESDCDLYx to 0x002C0000 0xD800_1020 = 0x2C0000 0xD800_1024 = 0x2C0000 0xD800_1028 = 0x2C0000 0xD800_102C = 0x2C0000

目录 1 创建 i.MX8QXP Linux 5.4.24 板级开发包编译环境 ..... 3 1.1 下载板级开发包 ....................................................... 3 1.2 创建yocto编译环境: ................................................. 4 1.3 独立编译 ................................................................. 9 2 Device Tree .............................................................. 16 2.1 恩智浦的device Tree结构 ..................................... 16 2.2 device Tree的由来(no updates) ............................ 19 2.3 device Tree的基础与语法(no updates) ................. 22 2.4 device Tree的代码分析(no updates) ..................... 44 3 恩智浦i.MX8XBSP 包文件目录结构 .......................... 77 4 恩智浦i.MX8XBSP的编译(no updates) ..................... 79 4.1 需要编译哪些文件 ................................................. 79 4.2 如何编译这些文件 ................................................. 80 4.3 如何链接为目标文件及链接顺序 ............................ 81 4.4 kernel Kconfig ....................................................... 83 5 恩智浦BSP的内核初始化过程(no updates) .............. 83 5.1 初始化的汇编代码 ................................................. 85 5.2 初始化的C代码 ...................................................... 89 5.3 init_machine........................................................ 102 6 恩智浦BSP的内核定制 ........................................... 105 6.1 DDR修改 ............................................................. 106 6.2 IO管脚配置与Pinctrl驱动 ..................................... 107 6.3 新板bringup......................................................... 123 6.4 更改调试串口 ...................................................... 132 6.5 uSDHC设备定制(eMMC flash,SDcard, SDIOcard)137 6.6 LVDS LCD 驱动定制 ........................................... 147 6.7 LVDS LDB SerDas驱动支持 ............................... 150 6.8 MiPi DSI SerDas驱动支持 .................................. 156 6.9 V4L2框架汽车级高清摄像头/桥驱动：数字/模拟 . 160 6.10 GPIO_Key 驱动定制 .......................................... 177 6.11 GPIO_LED 驱动定制 ......................................... 181 6.12 Fuse nvram驱动 .................................................. 184 6.13 SPI与SPI Slave驱动 ........................................... 185 6.14 USB 3.0 TypeC 改成 USB 3.0 TypeA(未验证) .... 193 6.15 汽车级以太网驱动定制 ........................................ 193 6.16 i.MX8DX MEK支持 .............................................. 212 6.17 i.MX8DXP MEK支持 ........................................... 212 6.18 NAND Flash支持与烧录 ...................................... 213

i.MX8X 板级开发包镜像结构 ...................................... 3 2 创建 i.MX8QXP Linux 5.4.24 板级开发包编译环境 ..... 3 2.1 下载板级开发包 ....................................................... 3 2.2 创建yocto编译环境: ................................................. 5 2.3 独立编译 ............................................................... 10 3 i.MX8X SC firmware ................................................. 16 3.1 SC firmware 目录结构 ........................................... 16 3.2 SC firmware 启动流程 ........................................... 18 3.3 SC firmware定制 ................................................... 18 4 i.MX8X ATF .............................................................. 30 5 FSL Uboot 定制 ........................................................ 32 5.1 FDT支持 ............................................................... 33 5.2 DM(driver model)支持 ........................................... 38 5.3 Uboot目录 结构 ..................................................... 52 5.4 Uboot编译 ............................................................. 54 5.5 Uboot初始化流程 .................................................. 55 5.6 uboot 定制 ............................................................ 66 5.7 uboot debug信息 ................................................... 82

Environment:   VMware player 15 + ubuntu 18.04 LTS Reference document: i.MX_Yocto_Project_User's_Guide.pdf 1. Software packages for the compilation # sudo apt-get install flex bison gperf build-essential zlib1g-dev # sudo apt-get install lib32ncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev # sudo apt-get install libx11-dev lib32z1-dev libgl1-mesa-dev # sudo apt-get install tofrodos python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc # sudo apt-get install uuid-dev:i386 liblzo2-dev:i386 gcc-multilib g++-multilib # sudo apt-get install subversion openssh-server openssh-client uuid uuid-dev zlib1g-dev # sudo apt-get install liblz-dev lzop liblzo2-2 liblzo2-dev git-core curl # sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip python3-pexpect python3-git python3-jinja2 pylint3 # sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools mtd-utils android-tools-fsutils # sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk device-tree-compiler aptitude # sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev nss-updatedb # sudo apt-get install chrpath texinfo gawk cpio diffstat # sudo apt-get install libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libegl1-mesa # sudo apt-get install net-tools python libsdl1.2-dev xterm socat # sudo apt-get install icedtea-netx-common icedtea-netx 2. downloading yocto bsp (L5.4.24_2.1.0) # rm -rf ~/bin # mkdir ~/bin # curl https://storage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo # chmod a+x ~/bin/repo # export PATH=~/bin:$PATH   # mkdir imx-yocto-bsp-5.4.24-2.1.0 # cd imx-yocto-bsp-5.4.24-2.1.0 # repo init -u https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/imx-manifest -b imx-linux-zeus -m imx-5.4.24-2.1.0.xml # cd .repo/manifests # gedit imx-5.4.24-2.1.0.xml          Modify git to https like below:   <remote fetch="https://git.yoctoproject.org/git" name="yocto"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/Freescale" name="community"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/openembedded" name="oe"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/OSSystems" name="OSSystems"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/meta-qt5"  name="QT5"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/TimesysGit"  name="Timesys"/>   <remote fetch="https://github.com/meta-rust"  name="rust"/>   <remote fetch="https://git.openembedded.org"  name="python2"/>   <remote fetch="https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx" name="CAF"/> Save it and exit. # cd ~/ imx-yocto-bsp-5.4.24-2.1.0 # repo sync          Begin to compile i.MX8MQ BSP: # DISTRO=fsl-imx-wayland MACHINE=imx8mqevk source imx-setup-release.sh -b build-wayland          If users want to use chromium, do it like below, otherwise omit the step.        Add CORE_IMAGE_EXTRA_INSTALL += "chromium-ozone-wayland" to local.conf        And use 8 thread to compile BSP # gedit ./conf/local.conf …… BB_NUMBER_THREADS =”4” PARALLEL_MAKE =”-j 4” CORE_IMAGE_EXTRA_INSTALL += "chromium-ozone-wayland" ……          Save it and exit. [comment]          If your ubuntu has 8GB DDR, BB_NUMBER_THREADS can be set to “2”, PARALLEL_MAKE can be set to “-j 2”. # bitbake chromium-ozone-wayland -c fetch # bitbake imx-image-full Use ulimit -n 4096 to solve the issue. Then continue. # bitbake imx-image-full chromium compilation error:          Compile chromium-ozone-wayland separately. # bitbake chromium-ozone-wayland -c cleansstate # bitbake chromium-ozone-wayland -c compile          Use the command to solve the problem. # gedit ../sources/meta-imx/meta-sdk/dynamic-layers/browser-layer/recipes-browser/chromium/chromium-ozone-wayland_%.bbappend DEPENDS += "\         libxkbcommon \         virtual/egl \         wayland \         wayland-native \          mesa         \ "          Add mesa to DEPENDS          Save and exit.          Continue to compile it. # bitbake chromium-ozone-wayland -c compile          done, continue to compile full image   # bitbake imx-image-full Attachment is document in pdf format, which should be clear. NXP TIC team Weidong Sun 08/21/2020

Some customer need to know how to add support RS485 mode half duplex? Here give some recommends. About i.MX6 UART to RS485 applications 1. Using RS485 mode of UART directly. On hardware, you should use UART_CTS_B to control RX & TX. On software, The link for you reference: Does UART in RS485 mode support only 9 Bit mode for i.MX6 ?  2. Sensing IO direction Automatically via hardware, don't need to tune software. For i.MX8QXP As the linux BSP for i.MX8QXP do not support RS 485 mode, so for the RS 485 using you can use the Sensing IO direction Automatically via hardware, don't need to tune software. As the above i.MX6 design.

[中文翻译版] 见附件   原文链接： https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-344474 

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