Just sharing some experiences during the development and studying.   Although, it appears some hardwares, it focuses on software to speed up your developing on your  hardware.     杂记共享一下在开发和学习过程中的经验。    虽然涉及一些硬件，但其本身关注软件，希望这些能加速您在自己硬件上的开发。 07/25/2024 iMX secondary boot collection https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/iMX-secondary-boot-collection/ta-p/1916915   07/25/2024 HSM Code-Signing Journey https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/HSM-Code-Signing-Journey/ta-p/1882244 25JUL2024 - add pkcs11 proxy                         HSM Code-Signing Journey_25JUL2024.pdf                          HSM Code-Signing Journey_25JUL2024.txt   06/06/2024 HSM Code-Signing Journey https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/HSM-Code-Signing-Journey/ta-p/1882244     02/07/2024 Device Tree Standalone Compile under Windows https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/Device-Tree-Standalone-Compile-under-Windows/ta-p/1855271   02/07/2024 i.MX8X security overview and AHAB deep dive i.MX8X security overview and AHAB deep dive - NXP Community   11/23/2023 “Standalone” Compile Device Tree https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/Standalone-Compile-Device-Tree/ta-p/1762373     10/26/2023 Linux Dynamic Debug https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/Linux-Dynamic-Debug/ta-p/1746611   08/10/2023 u-boot environment preset for sdcard mirror u-boot environment preset for sdcard mirror - NXP Community   06/06/2023 all(bootloader, device tree, Linux kernel, rootfs) in spi nor demo imx8qxpc0 mek all(bootloader, device tree, Linux kernel, rootfs)... - NXP Community     09/26/2022 parseIVT - a script to help i.MX6 Code Signing parseIVT - a script to help i.MX6 Code Signing - NXP Community   Provide  run under windows   09/16/2022   create sdcard mirror under windows create sdcard mirror under windows - NXP Community     08/03/2022   i.MX8MM SDCARD Secondary Boot Demo https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/i-MX8MM-SDCARD-Secondary-Boot-Demo/ta-p/1500011     02/16/2022 mx8_ddr_stress_test without UI   https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/mx8-ddr-stress-test-without-UI/ta-p/1414090   12/23/2021 i.MX8 i.MX8X Board Reset https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/i-MX8-i-MX8X-Board-Reset/ta-p/1391130       12/21/2021 regulator userspace-consumer https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/regulator-userspace-consumer/ta-p/1389948     11/24/2021 crypto af_alg blackkey demo crypto af_alg blackkey demo - NXP Community   09/28/2021 u-boot runtime modify Linux device tree(dtb) u-boot runtime modify Linux device tree(dtb) - NXP Community     08/17/2021 gpio-poweroff demo https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/gpio-poweroff-demo/ta-p/1324306         08/04/2021 How to use gpio-hog demo https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/How-to-use-gpio-hog-demo/ta-p/1317709       07/14/2021 SWUpdate OTA i.MX8MM EVK / i.MX8QXP MEK https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Processors-Knowledge-Base/SWUpdate-OTA-i-MX8MM-EVK-i-MX8QXP-MEK/ta-p/1307416     04/07/2021 i.MX8QXP eMMC Secondary Boot https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Community-Articles/i-MX8QXP-eMMC-Secondary-Boot/ba-p/1257704#M45       03/25/2021 sc_misc_board_ioctl to access the M4 partition from A core side sc_misc_board_ioctl to access the M4 partition fr... - NXP Community     03/17/2021 How to Changei.MX8X MEK+Base Board  Linux Debug UART https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Community-Articles/How-to-Change-i-MX8X-MEK-Base-Board-Linux-Debug-UART/ba-p/1246779#M43     03/16/2021 How to Change i.MX8MM evk Linux Debug UART https://community.nxp.com/t5/i-MX-Community-Articles/How-to-Change-i-MX8MM-evk-Linux-Debug-UART/ba-p/1243938#M40       05/06/2020 Linux fw_printenv fw_setenv to access U-Boot's environment variables Linux fw_printenv fw_setenv to access U-Boot's env... - NXP Community     03/30/2020 i.MX6 DDR calibration/stress for Mass Production https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-346065     03/25/2020 parseIVT - a script to help i.MX6 Code Signing https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-345998     02/17/2020 Start your machine learning journey from tensorflow playground Start your machine learning journey from tensorflow playground      01/15/2020 How to add  iMX8QXP PAD（GPIO) Wakeup How to add iMX8QXP PAD（GPIO) Wakeup    01/09/2020 Understand iMX8QX Hardware Partitioning By Making M4 Hello world Running Correctly https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-345359   09/29/2019 Docker On i.MX6UL With Ubuntu16.04 https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-344462   09/25/2019 Docker On i.MX8MM With Ubuntu https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-344473 Docker On i.MX8QXP With Ubuntu https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-344474     08/28/2019 eMMC5.0 vs eMMC5.1 https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-344265     05/24/2019 How to upgrade  Linux Kernel and dtb on eMMC without UUU How to upgrade Linux Kernel and dtb on eMMC without UUU     04/12/2019 eMMC RPMB Enhance and GP https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343116   04/04/2019 How to Dump a GPT SDCard Mirror(Android O SDCard Mirror) https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343079   04/04/2019 i.MX Create Android SDCard Mirror https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343078   04/02/2019: i.MX Linux Binary_Demo Files Tips  https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343075   04/02/2019:       Update Set fast boot        eMMC_RPMB_Enhance_and_GP.pdf   02/28/2019: imx_builder --- standalone build without Yocto https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-342702   08/10/2018: i.MX6SX M4 MPU Settings For RPMSG update    Update slide CMA Arrangement Consideration i.MX6SX_M4_MPU_Settings_For_RPMSG_08102018.pdf   07/26/2018 Understand ML With Simplest Code https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-341099     04/23/2018:     i.MX8M Standalone Build     i.MX8M Standalone Build.pdf     04/13/2018:      i.MX6SX M4 MPU Settings For RPMSG  update            Add slide CMA Arrangement  Consideration     i.MX6SX_M4_MPU_Settings_For_RPMSG_04132018.pdf   09/05/2017:       Update eMMC RPMB, Enhance  and GP       eMMC_RPMB_Enhance_and_GP.pdf 09/01/2017:       eMMC RPMB, Enhance  and GP       eMMC_RPMB_Enhance_and_GP.pdf 08/30/2017:     Dual LVDS for High Resolution Display(For i.MX6DQ/DLS)     Dual LVDS for High Resolution Display.pdf 08/27/2017:  L3.14.28 Ottbox Porting Notes:         L3.14.28_Ottbox_Porting_Notes-20150805-2.pdf MFGTool Uboot Share With the Normal Run One:        MFGTool_Uboot_share_with_NormalRun_sourceCode.pdf Mass Production with programmer        Mass_Production_with_NAND_programmer.pdf        Mass_Production_with_emmc_programmer.pdf AndroidSDCARDMirrorCreator https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-329596 L3.10.53 PianoPI Porting Note        L3.10.53_PianoPI_PortingNote_151102.pdf Audio Codec WM8960 Porting L3.10.53 PianoPI        AudioCodec_WM8960_Porting_L3.10.53_PianoPI_151012.pdf TouchScreen PianoPI Porting Note         TouchScreen_PianoPI_PortingNote_151103.pdf Accessing GPIO From UserSpace        Accessing_GPIO_From_UserSpace.pdf        https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343344 FreeRTOS for i.MX6SX        FreeRTOS for i.MX6SX.pdf i.MX6SX M4 fastup        i.MX6SX M4 fastup.pdf i.MX6 SDCARD Secondary Boot Demo        i.MX6_SDCARD_Secondary_Boot_Demo.pdf i.MX6SX M4 MPU Settings For RPMSG        i.MX6SX_M4_MPU_Settings_For_RPMSG_10082016.pdf Security        Security03172017.pdf    NOT related to i.MX, only a short memo

  Test environment   i.MX8MP EVK LVDS0 LVDS-HDMI  bridge(it6263) Uboot2022, Uboot2023 Background   Some customers need show logo using LVDS panel. Current BSP doesn't support LVDS driver in Uboot. This patch provides i.MX8MPlus LVDS driver support in Uboot. If you want to connect it to LVDS panel , you need port your lvds panel driver like  simple-panel.c   Update [2022.9.19] Verify on L5.15.32_2.0.0  0001-L5.15.32-Add-i.MX8MP-LVDS-driver-in-uboot 'probe device is failed, ret -2, probe video device failed, ret -19' is caused by below code. It has been merged in attachment. // /* Only handle devices that have a valid ofnode */ // if (dev_has_ofnode(dev) && !(dev->driver->flags & DM_FLAG_IGNORE_DEFAULT_CLKS)) { // /* // * Process 'assigned-{clocks/clock-parents/clock-rates}' // * properties // */ // ret = clk_set_defaults(dev, CLK_DEFAULTS_PRE); // if (ret) // goto fail; // }   [2023.3.14] Verify on L5.15.71 0001-L5.15.71-Add-i.MX8MP-LVDS-support-in-uboot   [2023.9.12] For some panel with low DE, you need uncomment CTRL_INV_DE line and set this bit to 1. #include <linux/string.h> @@ -110,9 +111,8 @@ static void lcdifv3_set_mode(struct lcdifv3_priv *priv, writel(CTRL_INV_HS, (ulong)(priv->reg_base + LCDIFV3_CTRL_SET)); /* SEC MIPI DSI specific */ - writel(CTRL_INV_PXCK, (ulong)(priv->reg_base + LCDIFV3_CTRL_CLR)); - writel(CTRL_INV_DE, (ulong)(priv->reg_base + LCDIFV3_CTRL_CLR)); - + //writel(CTRL_INV_PXCK, (ulong)(priv->reg_base + LCDIFV3_CTRL_CLR)); + //writel(CTRL_INV_DE, (ulong)(priv->reg_base + LCDIFV3_CTRL_CLR)); }       [2024.5.15] If you are uing simple-panel.c, need use below patch to set display timing from panel to lcdif controller. diff --git a/drivers/video/simple_panel.c b/drivers/video/simple_panel.c index f9281d5e83..692c96dcaa 100644 --- a/drivers/video/simple_panel.c +++ b/drivers/video/simple_panel.c @@ -18,12 +18,27 @@ struct simple_panel_priv { struct gpio_desc enable; }; +/* define your panel timing here and + * copy it in simple_panel_get_display_timing */ +static const struct display_timing boe_ev121wxm_n10_1850_timing = { + .pixelclock.typ = 71143000, + .hactive.typ = 1280, + .hfront_porch.typ = 32, + .hback_porch.typ = 80, + .hsync_len.typ = 48, + .vactive.typ = 800, + .vfront_porch.typ = 6, + .vback_porch.typ = 14, + .vsync_len.typ = 3, +}; + @@ -100,10 +121,18 @@ static int simple_panel_probe(struct udevice *dev) return 0; } +static int simple_panel_get_display_timing(struct udevice *dev, + struct display_timing *timings) +{ + memcpy(timings, &boe_ev121wxm_n10_1850_timing, sizeof(*timings)); + + return 0; +} static const struct panel_ops simple_panel_ops = { .enable_backlight = simple_panel_enable_backlight, .set_backlight = simple_panel_set_backlight, + .get_display_timing = simple_panel_get_display_timing, }; static const struct udevice_id simple_panel_ids[] = { @@ -115,6 +144,7 @@ static const struct udevice_id simple_panel_ids[] = { { .compatible = "lg,lb070wv8" }, { .compatible = "sharp,lq123p1jx31" }, { .compatible = "boe,nv101wxmn51" }, + { .compatible = "boe,ev121wxm-n10-1850" }, { } };   [2024.7.23] Update patch for L6.6.23(Uboot2023)

The purpose of this document is to provide a guide on how to export new symbols using the Bazel Android server instead of the build_abi.sh script. For a better reference how to build Android i.MX image please look at the next chapter 3 Building the Android Platform for i.MX in the Android User's Guide 1. Compile full AOSP or only kernel Build full AOSP: $ source build/envsetup.sh $ lunch evk_8mp-eng $ ./imx-make.sh -j8  Only build the kernel: $ ./imx-make.sh kernel -j8 2. Generic Kernel Image GKI Development Download GKI outside of android_build (MY_ANDROID). # Make sure MY_ANDROID is set to the android_build folder. $ export MY_ANDROID=`pwd` # mkdir gki && cd gki (Make sure folder gki is not inside of ${MY_ANDROID}) $ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest -b common-android14-6.1 $ repo sync $ cd common 3. Export New Symbols Switch the kernel in this common folder from AOSP to its device, and apply the patches required for your project. In this case Android $ cd common $ git remote add device https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx.git $ git remote update $ git fetch device --tags $ git checkout android-14.0.0_1.2.0 $ cd .. $ ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam $ ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/nxp-mwifiex nxp-mwifiex $ BUILD_FOR_GKI=yes BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.imx $ EXT_MODULES_MAKEFILE="verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam/vvcam/v4l2/Kbuild" $ EXT_MODULES="nxp-mwifiex/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src" Note: Be sure that your Symbolic Link is pointing to the correct folder Open the Makefile in the following path ../gki/nxp-mwifiex/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src/ and erase some ifreq lines that will generate a No such file or directory error. #Automatically determine Android version from build information to streamline diff --git a/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src/Makefile b/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src/Makefile index 3ec5308..7b6ca47 100644 --- a/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src/Makefile +++ b/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src/Makefile @@ -139,20 +139,7 @@ CONFIG_ANDROID_KERNEL=y ifeq ($(ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT),1) ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=$(ANDROID_SDK_VERSION) else -include $(ANDROID_BUILD_TOP)/build/make/core/build_id.mk -ifeq ($(shell echo "$(BUILD_ID)" | cut -c1),R) - ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=30 -else ifeq ($(shell echo "$(BUILD_ID)" | cut -c1),S) - ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=31 -else ifeq ($(shell echo "$(BUILD_ID)" | cut -c1),T) - ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=33 -else ifeq ($(shell echo "$(BUILD_ID)" | cut -c1),U) - ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=34 -else - # Default optimization or actions - ANDROID_SDK_VERSION := 0 - ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION -endif +ccflags-y += -DANDROID_SDK_VERSION=34 endif endif endif -- Then you could update the symbol list by typing the following command. $ tools/bazel run //common:imx_abi_update_symbol_list After the build process is successful, you should get an output like the image below. Build GKI locally. $ tools/bazel run //common:kernel_aarch64_dist  You could follow the next chapters to update the GKI image to your boot image.

Overview The purpose of this document is to provide a guide on how to enable Dual Ethernet with the GKI Development. Reference: How to enable dual ethernet on Android 11 For a better reference how to build Android i.MX image please look at the next chapter 3 Building the Android Platform for i.MX in the Android User's Guide 1. Build the Android Image with the next modifications The 2nd ethernet port is DWMAC from synopsys and phy used is realtek RTL8211F. To add them into the SharedBoardConfig.mk and remove the camera drivers. diff --git a/imx8m/evk_8mp/SharedBoardConfig.mk b/imx8m/evk_8mp/SharedBoardConfig.mk index f68eb49e..3e95708e 100644 --- a/imx8m/evk_8mp/SharedBoardConfig.mk +++ b/imx8m/evk_8mp/SharedBoardConfig.mk @@ -82,7 +82,12 @@ BOARD_VENDOR_KERNEL_MODULES += \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/rtc/rtc-snvs.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/pci/controller/dwc/pci-imx6.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/phy/realtek.ko \ - $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/fec.ko + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/fec.ko \ + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/phy/micrel.ko \ + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/pcs/pcs_xpcs.ko \ + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/ethernet/stmicro/stmmac/dwmac-imx.ko \ + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/ethernet/stmicro/stmmac/stmmac.ko \ + $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/net/ethernet/stmicro/stmmac/stmmac-platform.ko ifeq ($(POWERSAVE),true) BOARD_VENDOR_KERNEL_MODULES += \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/soc/imx/lpa_ctrl.ko \ @@ -219,15 +224,12 @@ BOARD_VENDOR_RAMDISK_KERNEL_MODULES += \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/perf/fsl_imx8_ddr_perf.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq-dt.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/cpufreq/imx-cpufreq-dt.ko \ - $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/media/i2c/ov5640.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-capture.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-isi-capture.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-isi-hw.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-isi-mem2mem.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-mipi-csi2-sam.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/dma/imx-sdma.ko \ - $(TARGET_OUT_INTERMEDIATES)/VVCAM_OBJ/basler-camera-driver-vvcam.ko \ - $(TARGET_OUT_INTERMEDIATES)/VVCAM_OBJ/os08a20.ko \ $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/staging/media/imx/imx8-media-dev.ko \ $(TARGET_OUT_INTERMEDIATES)/VVCAM_OBJ/vvcam-dwe.ko \ $(TARGET_OUT_INTERMEDIATES)/VVCAM_OBJ/vvcam-isp.ko \​ To let the Android framework's EthernetTracker and EthernetNetworkFactory know which interfaces to manage, the framework level configure config_ethernet_iface_regex config_ethernet_interfaces must be overlay in device/nxp/imx8m/evk_8mp/overlay/frameworks/base/core/res/res/values/config.xml: diff --git a/imx8m/evk_8mp/overlay/frameworks/base/core/res/res/values/config.xml b/imx8m/evk_8mp/overlay/frameworks/base/core/res/res/values/config.xml index 298d50cc..63f6787e 100644 --- a/imx8m/evk_8mp/overlay/frameworks/base/core/res/res/values/config.xml +++ b/imx8m/evk_8mp/overlay/frameworks/base/core/res/res/values/config.xml @@ -22,7 +22,12 @@ <resources> <!--For Android we support eth0 now --> - <string translatable="false" name="config_ethernet_iface_regex">eth0</string> + <string translatable="false" name="config_ethernet_iface_regex">eth\\d</string> + + <string-array translatable="false" name="config_ethernet_interfaces"> + <item>eth0;12,13,14,15,16,18,19</item> + <item>eth1;12,13,14,15,16,18,19</item> + </string-array> <!-- List of regexpressions describing the interface (if any) that represent tetherable USB interfaces. If the device doesn't want to support tething over USB this should -- Apply the patch 0001-PATCH-Add-defines-for-ETH-support-drivers.patch Build the Android Image # Change to the MY_ANDROID Directory $ source build/envsetup.sh $ lunch evk_8mp-userdebug $ ./imx-make.sh -j4 2>&1 | tee build-log.txt​   GKI Development Follow and apply the next community post: Export new symbols of GKI development Android 14 Set the GKI repo $ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest -b common-android14-6.1 $ repo sync $ git remote add device https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx.git $ git remote update $ git fetch device --tags $ git checkout android-14.0.0_1.2.0 $ cd .. #Be sure that symbolic links are created correctly $ ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam $ ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/nxp-mwifiex nxp-mwifiex $ BUILD_FOR_GKI=yes $ BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.imx $ tools/bazel run //common:imx_abi_update_symbol_list Apply the following changes in the GKI Kernel tree: gki/common: Patch: 0001-PATCH-GKI-Kernel-tree-Drivers-for-the-ETH1-Interface.patch Build the GKI Image tools/bazel run //common:kernel_aarch64_dist​ Follow the build android boot.img and system_dlkm.img $ cp out/kernel_aarch64/dist/boot.img ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp/fsl-proprietary/ gki/boot.img $ cd ${MY_ANDROID} $ TARGET_IMX_KERNEL=true make bootimage # Change directory to the gki folder $ cp out/kernel_aarch64/dist/system_dlkm_staging_archive.tar.gz ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp/fsl-proprietary/gki/system_dlkm_staging_archive.tar.gz $ cd ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp/fsl-proprietary/gki $ tar -xzf system_dlkm_staging_archive.tar.gz -C system_dlkm_staging $ cd ${MY_ANDROID} $ make system_dlkmimag​e Create the tar.gz file for flash the android image (*.img, *.bat, *.sh, *.bin, *.imx) Boot the image and type lsmod to ensure the drivers are installed. Regards, Mario    

  Introduction   MATTER chip-tool android APK is a very useful tool for commission, control the MATTER network by smart phone. Vendor can add various features into the APK. It supports build by Android Studio and command line. The official build steps can be found here: https://github.com/project-chip/connectedhomeip/blob/master/docs/guides/android_building.md But the official guide does not cover how to build in a non-GUI linux distribution (without Android Studio installed). This article describes how to build under Ubuntu server. Install Android SDK  Install SDK command line from: https://developer.android.com/studio, And follow the steps: https://developer.android.com/tools/sdkmanager to install.  Install the Android-26 SDK and 23 NDK: $./sdkmanager "platforms;android-26" "ndk;23.2.8568313"  Export env  $export ANDROID_HOME=<SDK path>  $export ANDROID_NDK_HOME=<SDK path>/ndk/23.2.8568313/   Install kotlin (1.8.0)  $curl -s https://get.sdkman.io | bash  $sdk install kotlin 1.8.0  $whereis kotlin  $export PATH=$PATH:<patch of bin of kotlin>    Configure proxy for gradle  $ cat ~/.gradle/gradle.properties  # Set the socket timeout to 5 minutes (good for proxies)  org.gradle.internal.http.socketTimeout=300000  # the number of retries (initial included) (default 3)  org.gradle.internal.repository.max.retries=10  # the initial time before retrying, in milliseconds (default 125)  org.gradle.internal.repository.initial.backoff=500  systemProp.http.proxyHost=apac.nics.nxp.com  systemProp.http.proxyPort=8080  systemProp.http.nonProxyHosts=localhost|*.nxp.com  systemProp.https.proxyHost=apac.nics.nxp.com  systemProp.https.proxyPort=8080  systemProp.https.nonProxyHosts=localhost|*.nxp.com    Configure proxy  Configure proxy for download packages during build export FTP_PROXY="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export HTTPS_PROXY="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export HTTP_PROXY="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export NO_PROXY="localhost,*.nxp.com"  export ftp_proxy="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export http_proxy="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export https_proxy="http://apac.nics.nxp.com:8080"  export no_proxy="localhost,*.nxp.com"    Patch for gradle java option  This step can be skipped if using OpenJDK16.  Otherwise if you're using OpenJDK 17 (Java 61), you have to upgrade the gradle from 7.1.1 to 7.3, and add java.io open to ALL-UNNAMED:  diff --git a/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle.properties b/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle.properties  index 71f72db8c8..5bce4b4528 100644  --- a/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle.properties  +++ b/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle.properties  @@ -6,7 +6,8 @@  # http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/build_environment.html  # Specifies the JVM arguments used for the daemon process.  # The setting is particularly useful for tweaking memory settings.  -org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4096m -XX:MaxPermSize=2048m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8  +#org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4096m -XX:MaxPermSize=2048m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8  +org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4096m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8  --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED  # When configured, Gradle will run in incubating parallel mode.  # This option should only be used with decoupled projects. More details, visit  # http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/multi_project_builds.html#sec:decoupled_projects  diff --git a/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties b/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties  index 05679dc3c1..e750102e09 100644  --- a/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties  +++ b/examples/android/CHIPTool/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties  @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@  distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME  distributionPath=wrapper/dists  -distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.1.1-bin.zip  +distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-7.3-bin.zip  zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME  zipStorePath=wrapper/dists    Build & Install Clone all the modules from github: $git clone --single-branch --recurse-submodules https://github.com/project-chip/connectedhomeip.git Enviroment setup: $source scripts/bootstrap.sh Build: ./scripts/build/build_examples.py --target android-arm64-chip-tool build Install built apk into phone: $adb install out/android-arm64-chip-tool/outputs/apk/debug/app-debug.apk  

This is a tool for screen capture under DRM (Direct Render Manager). This also a revised version for previous “drmfbcap” (DRM Framebuffer Capture). Unlike the FB based system under which we can capture the frame buffer easily through reading the device node, the DRM is much more complex and secure-protected. No direct way for reading framebuffer data from user space. Under DRM case, we need to open the DRM device, query the resource, get and map the FB object and then read the buffer eventually. With this tool, we can capture the buffer content from a DRM device and output as raw RGB/YUV data. Features: Capture all planes or specific plane, including hidden/covered planes or planes (overlays) managed by applications directly. Both RGB and YUV supported (auto detect). Tile format (VSI Super-Tile) is also supported. Repeat mode which can capture frames continuously. Tool was built as static linked, in this case, it should be working in both Linux and Android.   Important notes: Behavior of DRM subsystem is different between Linux 4.x and 5.x/6.x. For Linux 4.x, you can capture the RGB buffer without any problem. But, there’s no API for YUV (multi-plane) buffer. To capture YUV, please patch kernel with: “kernel_0001-drm-Add-getfb2-ioctl_L4.14.98.patch”. For Linux 5.x, mapping/capturing the internal buffer is not allowed by default due to security reason. To overcome this temporary (for debug only), patch the kernel with: “0001-drm-enable-mapping-of-internal-object-for-debugging_L5.x.patch”. It contains a minor change to remove this guard. Both patches are included in attachment. To get more details about how to use this tool, try “-h” option to print the usage message. Enjoy!

Platform i.MX8MPlus EVK, Android 13 Background Customer find we have enabled all configs about pstore and ramoops, but they can't get ramoops log in /sys/fs/pstore node on Android 13. Solution The default reboot will reset all hardware including the DDR control, so this will result in the loss of the log stored in RAM. We have include such codes in ATF, the default code will use imx_wdog_restart(true) to reset all hardware. void __dead2 imx_system_reset(void) { #ifdef IMX_WDOG_B_RESET imx_wdog_restart(true); #else imx_wdog_restart(false); #endif }   To avoid DDR reset, we should comment  IMX_WDOG_B_RESET in vendor/nxp-opensource/arm-trusted-firmware/plat/imx/imx8m/imx8mp/include/platform_def.h   Result evk_8mp:/sys/fs/pstore # ls console-ramoops-0 dmesg-ramoops-0 pmsg-ramoops-0  

1.Compile full aosp or only kernel Build full aosp: source build/envsetup.sh lunch evk_8mm-userdebug ./imx-make.sh -j8  Only build kernel: ./imx-make.sh kernel -j8 2.Build GKI locally Download GKI outside of android_build. mkdir gki && cd gki (Make sure folder gki is not inside of ${MY_ANDROID}) repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/manifest -b commonandroid13-5.15 repo sync Build GKI locally. BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.gki.aarch64 build/build.sh 3. Export symbols After building GKI locally, you can copy linux-imx from /vendor/nxp-opensource/kernel_imx into common. cd common rm -r ./* cp ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/kernel_imx/* ./ ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam ln -s ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/nxp-mwifiex nxp-mwifiex  Build GKI about i.MX: BUILD_FOR_GKI=yes BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.imx EXT_MODULES_MAKEFILE="verisilicon_sw_isp_vvcam/vvcam/v4l2/Kbuild" EXT_MODULES="nxp-mwifiex/mxm_wifiex/wlan_src" build/build_abi.sh --update-symbol-list -j8 Then the  common/android/abi_gki_aarch64_imx will be generated. cd gki cp common/android/abi_gki_aarch64_imx /tmp/abi_gki_aarch64_imx   Update GKI kernel rm -r common/* # delete imx kernel repo sync # recover aosp kernel cp /tmp/abi_gki_aarch64_imx android/abi_gki_aarch64_imx cd .. BUILD_CONFIG=common/build.config.gki.aarch64 build/build_abi.sh LTO=thin --update -j8  Then, common/android/abi_gki_aarch64.xml is updated.  

Hello everyone, We have recently migrated our Source code from CAF (Codeaurora) to Github, so i.MX NXP old recipes/manifest that point to Codeaurora eventually will be modified so it points correctly to Github to avoid any issues while fetching using Yocto. Also, all repo init commands for old releases should be changed from: $ repo init -u https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/imx-manifest -b <branch name> [ -m <release manifest>] To: $ repo init -u https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-manifest -b <branch name> [ -m <release manifest>] This will also apply to all source code that was stored in Codeaurora, the new repository for all i.MX NXP source code is: https://github.com/nxp-imx For any issues regarding this, please create a community thread and/or a support ticket. Regards, Aldo.

From Android 12, NXP use GKI(Generl kernel image) instead of NXP's kernel code.  This follow up Android ASOP standard. This article described that when customer use Android 12 and later version, they need to pay attention on GKI development, which is different with previous version.

This article describes how to integrate NXP WiFi & BT module into i.MX platform, some debug tips, how to test, etc. Although it takes i.MX8MM as example, it is also suitable for all i.MX8 serials platform.

  Background PCIe interface of Android 12 prebuilt and Built image on iMX8MM mini is not coming up. The Android BSP doesn't enable the pcie driver. Solution 1. imx8mm_gki.fragment CONFIG_PHY_FSL_IMX_PCIE=m CONFIG_PCI_IMX6=m 2. device/nxp/imx8m/evk_8mm/SharedBoardConfig.mk $(KERNEL_OUT)/drivers/pci/controller/dwc/pci-imx6.ko \ Result evk_8mm:/ # dmesg | grep pci [ 0.561609] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver [ 6.515345] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: supply epdev_on not found, using dummy regulator [ 6.524925] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: EXT REF_CLK is used!. [ 6.560211] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: PCIe PLL locked after 20 us. [ 6.567328] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: host bridge /soc@0/pcie@33800000 ranges: [ 6.584463] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: IO 0x001ff80000..0x001ff8ffff -> 0x0000000000 [ 6.593833] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: MEM 0x0018000000..0x001fefffff -> 0x0018000000 [ 6.603140] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: invalid resource [ 6.708123] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: Link up [ 6.713393] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: Link up [ 6.718586] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: Link up, Gen1 [ 6.832372] imx6q-pcie 33800000.pcie: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 [ 6.840023] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff] [ 6.846535] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff] [ 6.853805] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x18000000-0x1fefffff] [ 6.861601] pci 0000:00:00.0: [16c3:abcd] type 01 class 0x060400 [ 6.868529] pci 0000:00:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0x00000000-0x000fffff] [ 6.876439] pci 0000:00:00.0: reg 0x38: [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff pref] [ 6.884101] pci 0000:00:00.0: supports D1 [ 6.888954] pci 0000:00:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot D3cold [ 6.899174] pci 0000:01:00.0: [1b4b:2b42] type 00 class 0x020000 [ 6.906127] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0x00000000-0x000fffff 64bit pref] [ 6.914221] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 0x18: [mem 0x00000000-0x000fffff 64bit pref] [ 6.922740] pci 0000:01:00.0: supports D1 D2 [ 6.927854] pci 0000:01:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot D3cold [ 6.935200] pci 0000:01:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, limited by 2.5 GT/s PCIe x1 link at 0000:00:00.0 (capable of 4.000 Gb/s with 5.0 GT/s PCIe x1 link) [ 6.962608] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0x18000000-0x180fffff] [ 6.970251] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 15: assigned [mem 0x18100000-0x182fffff pref] [ 6.978426] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0x18300000-0x1830ffff pref] [ 6.986479] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0x18100000-0x181fffff 64bit pref] [ 7.001517] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 2: assigned [mem 0x18200000-0x182fffff 64bit pref] [ 7.010203] pci 0000:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01-ff] [ 7.016271] pci 0000:00:00.0: bridge window [mem 0x18100000-0x182fffff pref] [ 7.025830] pcieport 0000:00:00.0: PME: Signaling with IRQ 238 [ 7.033786] pcieport 0000:00:00.0: AER: enabled with IRQ 238  

The IOMUX module on i.MX 8M enables flexible I/O multiplexing, allowing users to configure each IO pad as one of selectable functions. The CSU (Central Security Unit) module on i.MX 8M can be used to configure some devices as secure only accessible to protect the security of these devices. But as the IOMUX is Non-Secure accessilbe and thus the pad function can be configured dynamicaly, there is one risk if hackers reconfigure the IO pad to make the device connected to other controller which is accessible to Non-Secure world. One solution for this issue is configuring the CSU to limit Non-Secure access to IOMUX, all IOMUX registers write operations are routed to Trusty OS. In the Trusty OS, add all sensitive IO resources to one blacklist, the IOMUX driver in Trusty OS should check and deny any write attemption to sensitive registers from Non-Secure world. One example patch set is attached to show how to assign the IOMUX to secure world and how to route the IOMUX write operations to Trusty OS. In this example, the USB Host pinctrl PAD on i.MX8MP EVK was assigned to secure world. The layout of the example codes are:     . ├── atf │ └── 0001-config-iomux-to-secure-write.patch --> ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/arm-trusted-firmware ├── kernel │ └── 0001-Use-Trusty-OS-to-handle-iomux-registers-written-oper.patch --> ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/kernel_imx/ ├── trusty │ └── 0001-Add-iomux-pinctrl-TEE-handler.patch --> ${MY_TRUSTY}/trusty/hardware/nxp └── u-boot └── 0001-Use-Trusty-OS-to-handle-IOMUX-operation.patch --> ${MY_ANDROID}/vendor/nxp-opensource/uboot-imx      

Background Some customers connect their imx running Android to the cloud, so reboot-bootloader and the use of fastboot oem unlock is not acceptable. This way the system is disconnected and cannot be operated remotely using adb. This article therefore proposes to execute oem unlock before the bootloader is started when the system is first run, which can be unlocked directly.   Patch diff --git a/drivers/fastboot/fb_fsl/fb_fsl_boot.c b/drivers/fastboot/fb_fsl/fb_fsl_boot.c index 86b919775a..d60cd248ee 100644 --- a/drivers/fastboot/fb_fsl/fb_fsl_boot.c +++ b/drivers/fastboot/fb_fsl/fb_fsl_boot.c @@ -529,6 +529,42 @@ bool __weak is_power_key_pressed(void) { return false; } +static void wipe_all_userdata(void) +{ + char response[FASTBOOT_RESPONSE_LEN]; + + /* Erase all user data */ + printf("Start userdata wipe process....\n"); + /* Erase /data partition */ + fastboot_wipe_data_partition(); + +#if defined (CONFIG_ANDROID_SUPPORT) || defined (CONFIG_ANDROID_AUTO_SUPPORT) + /* Erase the misc partition. */ + process_erase_mmc(FASTBOOT_PARTITION_MISC, response); +#endif + +#ifndef CONFIG_ANDROID_AB_SUPPORT + /* Erase the cache partition for legacy imx6/7 */ + process_erase_mmc(FASTBOOT_PARTITION_CACHE, response); +#endif + +#if defined(AVB_RPMB) && !defined(CONFIG_IMX_TRUSTY_OS) + printf("Start stored_rollback_index wipe process....\n"); + rbkidx_erase(); + printf("Wipe stored_rollback_index completed.\n"); +#endif + process_erase_mmc(FASTBOOT_PARTITION_METADATA, response); + printf("Wipe userdata completed.\n"); +} +void do_unlock(void) +{ + int status; + wipe_all_userdata(); + status = fastboot_set_lock_stat(FASTBOOT_UNLOCK); + if (status < 0) + return FASTBOOT_LOCK_ERROR; + printf("Unlock device\n"); +} int do_boota(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]) { ulong addr = 0; @@ -563,6 +599,9 @@ int do_boota(struct cmd_tbl *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[]) { fastboot_set_lock_stat(FASTBOOT_LOCK); lock_status = FASTBOOT_LOCK; } + if (lock_status == FASTBOOT_LOCK){ + do_unlock(); + } bool allow_fail = (lock_status == FASTBOOT_UNLOCK ? true : false); avb_metric = get_timer(0);      

    Test environment: MPU6050 module,i.MX8MP,Android11_2.4.0 This solution ported the MPU6050 module on Android to realize auto rotation of screen.      

Following OTA in Android User Guide would have HASH verification error: update_engine: [0913/085233.421711:ERROR:delta_performer.cc(1140)] Expected: sha256|hex = 685B998E4308F20FEA83D97E60222121FFE27983F013AED5C203709E139AE9DB update_engine: [0913/085233.421760:ERROR:delta_performer.cc(1143)] Calculated: sha256|hex = B1025634138BF2B5378196E364350E1E5FCA126DEE0990A592290CEBFADC3F8B The OTA process that produced the error: * After compiling the images according to the user guide, burn the images in the /out directory into the board * Then build the first target file according to 7.1.1 Building target files, such as PREVIOUS-target_files.zip * Modify part of the code to build the second target file, such as NEW-target_files.zip: * Make a differential upgrade package and perform differential OTA The root cause of the error caused by the above steps: Differential OTA requires that the onboard system.img must be the system.img generated when the target files are created for the first time. Only in this way can the correct hash value be calculated. When we execute the following command to make target files make target-files-package -j4 Will repackage a copy of system.img in the /out directory and this system.img does not meet the requirements. The system.img used by the differential package must be system.img in out/target/product/evk_8mm/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/. Therefore, the system.img we burned in the first step did not meet the requirements, resulting in hash verification errors. Solution 1: After the first step of programming, do a full update. When using the make otapackage -j4 command, a target_files.zip file will also be generated, which we will regard as PREVIOUS-target_files.zip. Modify part of the code and make NEW-target_files.zip. Finally, the differential upgrade can be successful. Solution 2: After finishing the first target_files.zip, copy the system.img in out/target/product/evk_8mm/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/ to the out/target/product/evk_8mm directory, and then use uuu Perform programming. After burning and writing, make the second target_files.zip, and finally you can upgrade by differential.

Here is simple step to create a custom partition with AVB. Tested by i.MX8MN EVK and Android P9.0.0_2.3.1. Create image for xyz partition in 1024MB in Android build output folder # cd $OUT # mkdir xyz # echo "This is test txt file" > xyz/Readme.txt # make_ext4fs -l 1073672192 -s -a xyz xyz.ext4.img xyz   Apply the attached patch. uboot patch corrects the reading problem on avb footer.   Flash images by uuu # cd $OUT # sudo ./uuu_imx_android_flash.sh -f imx8mn   Check result.  Boot up and mount xyz partition # cd /data # mount /dev/block/mmcblk2p14 xyz # cat xyz/Readme.txt This is test txt file

How to connect i.MX51 and Ubuntu using USB cable: i.MX51 Side Plug in USB cable. getprop debug.adb.usb - Shows that debug.adb.usb are not set by default setprop persist.service.adb.enable 0 -> disable adb setprop debug.adb.usb 1 - adb will be through USB (for Ethernet, use setprop debug.adb.usb 0) setprop persist.service.adb.enable 1 -> enable adb Example: # getprop debug.adb.usb  # # # setprop persist.service.adb.enable 0 disabling adb # adb_release android_usb gadget: high speed config #1: android setprop debug.adb.usb 1 # # setprop persist.service.adb.enable 1 enabling adb # adb_open adb_release adb_open android_usb gadget: high speed config #1: android # Ubuntu Side On Ubuntu side, the most important tip is regarding permission. ADB server MUST be started with root right. Example of right mistake: $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb devices List of devices attached ????????????    no permissions  $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb shell error: insufficient permissions for device How to proceed to get permission: $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb kill-server $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb start-server * daemon not running. starting it now * * daemon started successfully * $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb devices List of devices attached 0123456789ABCDEF    device  $ sudo <AND_SDK_DIR>/android-sdk-linux_86/tools/adb shell ADB over Ethernet/Wi-Fi To make ADB work in i.MX51 using TCP: In your host machine: - Install Android SDK - export ADBHOST=BOARD_IP (setenv ADBHOST=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) - adb kill-server In your board: - make sure that ro.secure property is *not* set when the adbd daemon is launched, so edit the file default.prop - make sure that /dev/android_adb or /dev/android do *not* exist - stop adbd - start adbd Now you will be able to list the device: hamilton@saygon:/opt/work/androidsdk/android-sdk-linux_86/tools$ ./adb kill-server hamilton@saygon:/opt/work/androidsdk/android-sdk-linux_86/tools$ ./adb devices * daemon not running. starting it now * * daemon started successfully * List of devices attached emulator-5554   device

When to enable CONFIG_DEBUG_LL, choose the debug port and then CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK on i.MX6, system will hang. There is no error information there as below, Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 Initializing cgroup subsys cpu Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct Linux version 4.1.15-00001-gd582989-dirty (jay@jay-ubuntu) (gcc version 4.9 20 150123 (prerelease) (GCC) ) #10 SMP PREEMPT Mon Jul 17 15:08:55 CST 2017 CPU: ARMv7 Processor [412fc09a] revision 10 (ARMv7), cr=10c53c7d CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache Machine model: Freescale i.MX6 Quad SABRE Smart Device Board bootconsole [earlycon0] enabled cma: Reserved 448 MiB at 0x2a000000 Memory policy: Data cache writealloc -------------- hang -----------------‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ The patch fix it on android n7.1.1_1.0.0, kernel: 4.1.15.

The following are a couple of recommendations for setting up a Host machine for building the Android Nougat 7.1.1_1.0.0 BSP. Some of these recommendations are not exclusive of the Nougat release and may help in other scenarios. These also apply to using Virtual Machines as Host. Installing Open JDK 8 on Ubuntu 14.04 As mentioned on the Android guide for Establishing a Build Environment (http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html) there are no available supported OpenJDK 8 packages for Ubuntu 14.04, which is the version recommended and tested on the Nougat Android BSP. An alternative is downloading the Ubuntu 15.04 Open JDK 8 packages and installing them manually, which can be done by following this procedure: Download the .deb packages for 64-bit architecture from archive.ubuntu.com: openjdk-8-jre-headless_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb with SHA256 0f5aba8db39088283b51e00054813063173a4d8809f70033976f83e214ab56c0 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/o/openjdk-8/openjdk-8-jre-headless_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb  openjdk-8-jre_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb with SHA256 9ef76c4562d39432b69baf6c18f199707c5c56a5b4566847df908b7d74e15849 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/o/openjdk-8/openjdk-8-jre_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb  openjdk-8-jdk_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb with SHA256 6e47215cf6205aa829e6a0a64985075bd29d1f428a4006a80c9db371c2fc3c4c http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/o/openjdk-8/openjdk-8-jdk_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb  Once you have downloaded these three packages and checked the checksum for them install the packages (optional) install them by running: $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo dpkg -i openjdk-8-jre-headless_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb $ sudo dpkg -i openjdk-8-jre_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb $ sudo dpkg -i openjdk-8-jdk_8u45-b14-1_amd64.deb‍‍‍‍   Increasing SWAP to compensate for the lack of RAM Having insufficient RAM especially on the linking part of the image build may cause a number of issues that are difficult to troubleshoot. In these cases it’s good to take a look at the resource monitor to see if indeed the RAM was depleted. One way to make up for the limited RAM is using a bigger swap. Google recommends at least 16GB of RAM/swap so it’s not uncommon to create a 10GB swap when working in VM, to do this please use the following commands.    $ sudo fallocate -l 10g /mnt/10GB.swap $ sudo chmod 600 /mnt/10GB.swap $ sudo mkswap /mnt/10GB.swap $ sudo swapon /mnt/10GB.swap‍‍‍‍   Increasing heap size to avoid out of memory errors It is possible to encounter an out of memory error with the recommendation “try increasing heap size witj java option ‘-Xmx<size>’. If you encounter this error or would like to proactively avoid it you may run the following commands that will increase heap size to four gigabytes and then reset the Jack Server by killing it and starting it again. With the android environment initialized: $ cd my android $ export JACK_SERVER_VM_ARGUMENTS="-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -XX:+TieredCompilation -Xmx4g" $ jack-admin kill-server && jack-admin start-server‍‍‍‍‍‍  Fixing Jack Servers errors due to multiple users on the Host Android Nougat uses Jack Server as mono-user by default. If this is not the case for your host you would need to choose different port numbers for each user and adjust SERVER_NB_COMPILE accordingly. You can also disable the Jack server by setting SERVER=false in your $HOME/.jack. Alternatively, you may also use the patch available on the following link to myandroid/prebuilts/sdk. It will help to fix the mono-user build restriction. When installing the jack-server, it will detect if Jack server is running in the same build machine and then generate a random ports for my build instead of using the default one. https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/android-building/UWhJrXH8Vig