Kinetis Microcontrollers Knowledge Base

cancel
Showing results for 
Show  only  | Search instead for 
Did you mean: 

Kinetis Microcontrollers Knowledge Base

Discussions

Sort by:
Revise History: Version 23: NXP kinetis bootloader GUI upgrade from v1.0 to v1.1: added 04 extended linear address record  and 02 sector address record processing for hex format. This article describes how to do in-system reprogramming of Kinetis devices using standard communication media such as SCI. Most of the codes are written in C so that make it easy to migrate to other MCUs. The solution has been already adopted by customers. The pdf document is based on FRDM-KL26 demo board and Codewarrior 10.6.  The bootloader and user application source codes are provided. GUI and video show are also provided. Now the bootloader source code is ported to KDS3.0, Keil5.15 and IAR7.40 which are also enclosed in the SW package. Customer can make their own bootloader applications based on them. The application can be used to upgrade single target board and multi boards connected through networks such as RS485. The bootloader application checks the availability of the nodes between the input address range, and upgrades firmware nodes one by one automatically. ​ Key features of the bootloader: Able to update (or just verify) either single or multiple devices in a network. Application code and bootloader code are in separated projects, convenient for mass production and firmware upgrading. Bootloader code size is small, only around 2K, which reduces the requirement of on chip memory resources. Source code available, easy for reading and migrating. GUI supports S19,HEX and BIN format burning images. For more information, please see attached document and code. The attached demo code is for KL26 which is Cortex - M0+ core. For Cortex-M4 core demo, refer this url: https://community.freescale.com/docs/DOC-328365 User can also download the document and source code from Github: https://github.com/jenniezhjun/Kinetis-Bootloader.git Thanks for the great support from Chaohui Guo and his team. NOTE: The bootloader and GUI code are all open source, users can revise them based on your own requirement. Enjoy Bootloader programming 🙂
View full article
Hi community!! The following example uses a PIT to start an adc conversion, once the conversion has finished it issues a DMA request and the DMA controller stores the converted value in a buffer. The examples were implemented in both CodeWarrior 10.6 and KDS 1.1 for every board. The recommended test circuit is the following: Please feel free to modify the files, I hope this examples will be useful for you and will help you by decreasing your development time. Best Regards Manuel Rodríguez Technical Information Center Intern
View full article
Hello Kinetis community. Attached there is a guide on how to modify an existing KDS project to be loaded using the KBOOT Flash Resident bootloader. Basically it explains 2 procedures: 1- Manipulating linker file to move application and vectors. 2- Adding data for the Bootloader Configuration Area (BCA). I am also including 3 adapted KDS v3.0.0 example projects ready to be used with KBOOT Flash Resident bootloader in a FRDM-K22F: - Baremetal project. - KSDK project. - KSDK project with Processor Expert support. The application simply toggles the red, green and blue LEDs sequentially. I hope you find the document and projects useful! Regards! Jorge Gonzalez
View full article
It has been reported that OpenSDA v2/2.1 bootloader could be corrupted when the board is plugged into a Windows 10 machine. An updated OpenSDA bootloader that fixes this issue is available at www.NXP.com/openSDA. There is also a blog article by Arm addressing this issue. To reprogram the bootloader on affected boards, you will require an external debugger, such as Segger JLink or Keil ULink programmer attached to the JTAG port connected to the K20 OpenSDA MCU. For your convenience, the binaries of the OpenSDA v2.2 bootloader is attached at the bottom of this post. If using a Segger JLink, download the latest JLink Software and Documentation pack and use the following JLink.exe commands to connect to the K20 OpenSDA MCU: Connect MK20DX128xxx5 S 4000 And then use the following commands to reflash the bootloader: erase loadbin <your Bootloader Binary> 0x00000000 Here is another post on how to recover bricked OpenSDA boards and to prevent it getting re-bricked. To check more information regarding OpenSDA on your boards, please go to www.nxp.com/opensda.
View full article
OpenSDA/OpenSDAv2 is a serial and debug adapter that is built into several Freescale evaluation boards. It provides a bridge between your computer (or other USB host) and the embedded target processor, which can be used for debugging, flash programming, and serial communication, all over a simple USB cable.   The OpenSDA hardware consists of a circuit featuring a Freescale Kinetis K20 microcontroller (MCU) with an integrated USB controller. On the software side, it implements a mass storage device bootloader which offers a quick and easy way to load OpenSDA applications such as flash programmers, run-control debug interfaces, serial to USB converters, and more. Details on OpenSDA can be found in the OpenSDA User Guide.     The bootloader and app firmware that lay on top of the original OpenSDA circuit was proprietary.  But recently ARM decided to open source their CMSIS-DAP interface, and now a truly open debug platform could be created. This new open-sourced firmware solution is known as OpenSDAv2.   OpenSDAv2: OpenSDAv2 uses the exact same hardware circuit as the original OpenSDA solution, and out of the box it still provides a debugger, drag-and-drop flash programmer, and virtual serial port over a single USB cable.   The difference is the firmware implementation: OpenSDA: Programmed with the proprietary P&E Micro developed bootloader. P&E Micro is the default debug interface app. OpenSDAv2: Programmed with the open-sourced CMSIS-DAP/mbed bootloader. CMSIS-DAP is the default debug interface app.       Firmware Developer Kinetis K20 Based Hardware Circuit Default Debug Interface Drag-and-drop Target MCU Flash Programming Virtual Serial Port Source Code Available OpenSDA P&E Micro x P&E Micro .srec/.s19 x   OpenSDAv2 ARM/mbed.org x CMSIS-DAP .bin x x   The bootloader and app firmware used by OpenSDAv2 is developed by the community at mbed.org, and is known as “CMSIS-DAP Interface Firmware”. If you explore that site, you will find that this firmware was also ported to run on other hardware, but the combination of this mbed.org firmware with the Kinetis K20 MCU is known as OpenSDAv2.   It is important to understand however that it is possible to run a P&E Micro debug app on the CMSIS-DAP/mbed bootloader found on OpenSDAv2. Likewise it is possible to run a CMSIS-DAP debug app on the P&E Micro bootloader found on OpenSDA. The debug application used needs to be targeted towards a specific bootloader though, as a single binary cannot be used on both the OpenSDA and OpenSDAv2 bootloaders.   OpenSDAv2.1: During development of OpenSDAv2 features and bug fixes, it was found that the reserved bootloader space was too small. Thus a new version of OpenSDAv2 had to be created, which was named OpenSDAv2.1. The difference between the OpenSDAv2.0 and v2.1 is the address where the debug application starts: for OpenSDAv2.0 it expects the application at address 0x5000, while OpenSDAv2.1 expects the application to start at address 0x8000.   The only board with OpenSDAv2.0 is the FRDM-K64F. All other OpenSDAv2 boards (such as the just released FRDM-K22F) use OpenSDAv2.1.   Unfortunately this means that new OpenSDAv2 apps are needed. From a user perspective this mostly affects the JLink app since it was shared across all boards. Make sure you download the correct app for your board based on the OpenSDAv2 version.   OpenSDAv2 Apps: mbed CMSIS-DAP for FRDM-K64F mbed CMSIS-DAP for FRDM-K22F P&E Micro  (use the Firmware Apps link) Segger JLink (look at bottom of page for OpenSDAv2.0 or OpenSDAv2.1 app)   OpenSDAv2 Bootloader: The key difference between OpenSDA and OpenSDAv2 is the bootloader. Boards with OpenSDA use a proprietary bootloader developed by P&E Micro, and it cannot be erased or reprogrammed by an external debugger due to the security restrictions in the firmware. Boards with OpenSDAv2 use the open-source bootloader developed by mbed.org, and it can be erased and reprogrammed with an external debugger.   Apps need to be specifically created to work with either the P&E bootloader (Original OpenSDA) or the CMSIS-DAP/mbed bootloader (OpenSDAv2/OpenSDAv2.1) as the bootloader memory map is different.  Thus it’s important to know which type of bootloader is on your board to determine which version of an app to load.   You can determine the bootloader version by holding the reset button while plugging in a USB cable into the OpenSDA USB port. A BOOTLOADER drive will appear for both OpenSDA and OpenSDAv2.   The OpenSDAv2.0 bootloader (may also be called the CMSIS-DAP/mbed bootloader) developed by mbed.org will have the following files inside.  Viewing the HTML source of the bootload.htm file with Notepad will tell you the build version, date, and git hash commit. For the OpenSDAv2.1 bootloader, this file will be named mbed.htm instead.     The OpenSDAv1 bootloader developed by P&E Micro will have the following inside. Clicking on SDA_INFO.HTM will take you to the P&E website.       Using CMSIS-DAP: When you connect a Freedom board that has OpenSDAv2 (such as the FRDM-K64F) to your computer with a USB cable, it will begin running the default CMSIS_DAP/mbed application which has three main features.   1. Drag and Drop MSD Flash Programming You will see a new disk drive appear labeled “MBED”.   You can then drag-and-drop binary (.bin) files onto the virtual hard disk to program the internal flash of the target MCU.   2.Virtual Serial Port OpenSDAv2 will also enumerate as a virtual serial port, which you can use a terminal program , such as TeraTerm (shown below), to connect to. You may need to install the mbed Windows serial port driver first before the serial port will enumerate on Windows properly. It should work without a driver for MacOS and Linux.   3. Debugging The CMSIS-DAP app also allows you to debug the target MCU via the CMSIS-DAP interface. Select the CMSIS-DAP interface in your IDE of choice, and inside the CMSIS-DAP options select the Single Wire Debug (SWD) option:   Kinetis Design Studio (KDS): Note: OpenOCD with CMSIS-DAP for FRDM-K22F is not supported in KDS V1.1.0. You must use either the P&E app instructions or the JLink app instructions to use KDS with the FRDM-K22F at this time. This will be fixed over the next few weeks. OpenSDAv2 uses the OpenOCD debug interface which uses the CMSIS-DAP protocol. Make sure '-f kinetis.cfg' is specified as 'Other Options':   IAR     Keil:         Resources CMSIS-DAP Interface Firmware mbed.org FRDM-K64 Page FRDM-K64 User Guide OpenSDAv2 on MCU on Eclipse blog OpenSDA User Guide KDS Debugging   Appendix A: Building the CMSIS-DAP Debug Application The open source CMSIS-DAP Interface Firmware app is the default app used on boards with OpenSDAv2. It provides: Debugging via the CMSIS-DAP interface Drag-and-drop flash programming Virtual Serial Port providing USB-to-Serial convertor   While binaries of this app are provided for supported boards, some developers would like to build the CMSIS-DAP debug application themselves.   This debug application can be built for either the OpenSDAv2/mbed bootloader, or for the original OpenSDA bootloader developed by P&E Micro. If you are not sure which bootloader your board has, refer to the bootloader section in this document.   Building the CMSIS-DAP debug application requires Keil MDK. You will also need to have the “Legacy Support for Cortex-M Devices” software pack installed for Keil.   You will also need Python 2.x installed. Due to the python script used, Python 3.x will not work.   The code is found in the MBED git repository, so it can be downloaded using a git clone command: “git clone https://github.com/mbedmicro/CMSIS-DAP.git” Note that there is a Download Zip option, but you will run into a issue when trying to compile that version, so you must download it via git instead.   The source code can be seen below:   This repository contains the files for both the bootloader and the CMSIS-DAP debug interface application. We will concentrate on the interface application at the moment.   Open up Keil MDK, and open up the project file located at \CMSIS-DAP\interface\mdk\k20dx128\k20dx128_interface.uvproj In the project configuration drop-down box, you will notice there are a lot of options. Since different chips may have slightly different flash programming algorithms, there is a target for each specific evaluation board. In this case, we will be building for the FRDM-K64F board. Scroll down until you get to that selection:   Notice there are three options for the K64: k20dx128_k64f_if: Used for debugging the CMSIS-DAP application with Keil. Code starts at address 0x0000_0000 k20dx128_k64_if_openSDA_bootloader: Creates a binary to drag-and-drop on the P&E developed bootloader (Original OpenSDA) k20dx128_k64_if_mbed_bootloader: Creates a binary to drag-and-drop onto the CMSIS-DAP/mbed developed bootloader (OpenSDAv2)   Since the FRDM-K64F comes with the OpenSDAv2 bootloader, we will use the 3 rd option. If we were building the mbed app for another Freedom board which had the original OpenSDA bootloader, we would choose the 2 nd option instead.   Now click on the compile icon. You may get some errors If you get an error similar to the one shown below, make sure you have installed the Legacy pack for ARM as previously described earlier:           compiling RTX_Config.c...             ..\..\Common\src\RTX_Config.c(184): error:  #5: cannot open source input file "RTX_lib.c": No such file or directory            and           compiling usb_config.c...             ..\..\..\shared\USBStack\INC\usb_lib.c(18): error:  #5: cannot open source input file "..\..\RL\USB\INC\usb.h": No such file or directory   If you get an error regarding a missing version_git.h file, make sure that Python 2.x and git are in your path. A Python build script fetches that file. It's called from the User tab in the project options, under "Run User Programs Before Build/Rebuild". If there is a warning about “invalid syntax” when running the Python script, make sure your using Python 2.x. Python 3.x will not work with the build script.   Now recompile again, and it should successfully compile. If you look now in \CMSIS-DAP\interface\mdk\k20dx128 you will see a new k20dx128_k64f_if_mbed.bin file   If you compiled the project for the OpenSDA bootloader, there would be a new k20dx128_k64f_if_openSDA.S19 file instead.   Loading the CMSIS-DAP Debug Application: Now take the Freedom board, press and hold the reset button as you plug in the USB cable. Then, drag-and-drop the .bin file (for OpenSDAv2) or .S19 file (for OpenSDA) into the BOOTLOADER drive that enumerated.   Perform a power cycle, and you should see a drive called “MBED” come up and you can start using the CMSIS-DAP debug interface, as well as drag-and-drop programming and virtual serial port as described earlier in this document.   Appendix B: Building the CMSIS-DAP Bootloader All Freedom boards already come with a bootloader pre-flashed onto the K20.  But for those building their own boards that would like to use CMSIS-DAP, or those who would like to tinker with the bootloader, it possible to flash it to the Kinetis K20 device. Flashing the bootloader will require an external debugger, such as the Keil ULink programmer or Segger JLink.   Also note that the OpenSDA/PE Micro Bootloader cannot be erased! Due to the proprietary nature of the P&E firmware used by the original OpenSDA, it can only be programmed at the board manufacturer and JTAG is disabled. So these instructions are applicable for boards with OpenSDAv2 only.   First, open up the bootloader project which is located at \CMSIS-DAP\bootloader\mdk\k20dx128\k20dx128_bootloader.uvproj   There is only one target available because all OpenSDAv2 boards will use the same bootloader firmware as the hardware circuitry is the same.   Click on the compile icon and it should compile successfully. If you see errors about a missing version_git.h file, note that Python 2.x must be in the path to run a pre-build script which fetches that file.   Now connect a Keil ULink to J10 and then insert a USB cable to provide power to J26. Note that if you have the 20-pin connector, you’ll want to use the first 10 pins.   Then for Keil 5 you will need to change some debug options (CMSIS-DAP is built under Keil 4.x).   Right click on the bootloader project, and go to the Debug tab and next to ULINK Pro Cortex Debugger, click on Settings:   Then under “Cortex-M Target Driver Setup”, change the “Connect” drop down box to “under Reset” and “Reset” dropdown box to “HW RESET”. Hit OK to save the settings.     Then in Keil, click on Flash->Erase.   And then on Flash->Download.   If you get an “Invalid ROM Table” error when flashing the CMSIS-DAP bootloader, make sure you made the changes to the debugger settings listed above.   After some text scrolls by, you should see:   Now power cycle while holding down the reset button, and you should see the bootloader drive come up. You’ll then need to drag and drop the mbed application built earlier onto it. And that’s all there is to it!   The binaries for the bootloader and CMSIS-DAP debug app for the FRDM-K64F board created in writing this guide are attached. Original Attachment has been moved to: k20dx128_bootloader.axf.zip Original Attachment has been moved to: k20dx128_k64f_mbed.bin.zip
View full article
for M68HC08, HCS08, ColdFire and Kinetis MCUs by: Pavel Lajsner, Pavel Krenek, Petr Gargulak Freescale Czech System Center Roznov p.R., Czech Republic The developer's serial bootloader offers to user easiest possible way how to update existing firmware on most of Freescale microcontrollers in-circuit. In-circuit programming is not intended to replace any of debuging and developing tool but it serves only as simple option of embedded system reprograming via serial asynchronous port or USB. The developer’s serial bootloader supported microcotrollers includes 8-bit families HC08, HCS08 and 32-bit families ColdFire, Kinetis. New Kinetis families include support for K series and L series. This application note is for embedded-software developers interested in alternative reprogramming tools. Because of its ability to modify MCU memory in-circuit, the serial bootloader is a utility that may be useful in developing applications. The developer’s serial bootloader is a complementary utility for either demo purposes or applications originally developed using MMDS and requiring minor modifications to be done in-circuit. The serial bootloader offers a zero-cost solution to applications already equipped with a serial interface and SCI pins available on a connector. This document also describes other programming techniques: FLASH reprogramming using ROM routines Simple software SCI Software for USB (HC08JW, HCS08JM and MCF51JM MCUs) Use of the internal clock generator PLL clock programming EEPROM programming (AS/AZ HC08 families) CRC protection of serial protocol option NOTE: QUICK LINKS The Master applications user guides: Section 10, Master applications user guides. The description of Kinetis version of protocol including the changes in user application: Section 7, FC Protocol, Version 5, Kinetis. The quick start guide how to modify the user Kinetis application to be ready for AN2295 bootloader: Section 7.8, Quick guide: How to prepare the user Kinetis application for AN2295 bootloader. Full application note and  software attached.
View full article
Hi everyone! I have made a simple touch sensing demo for KL25z Freedom board for fast user friendly test using MSD bootloader (default combined application in Open SDA when you receive the Freedom - Mass Storage Device and serial port). Demo changes the brightness of red led populated on the board and communicate with FreeMaster visualization tool over embedded virtual serial port of Open SDA connection. Touch sensing application is controlled by TSS (touch sensing softwere). For more information about touch sensing and download of TSS go to www.freescale.com/tss The visualization output has 2 separate scope windows: one showing signals captured from electrodes of slider another one showing position of finger on a slider The operation is really simple, just drag and drop the attached *.s19 file into your device using MSD bootloader (as other precompiled projects for Freedom board) open the *.pmp file that is associated with FreeMASTER, choose the correct COM port at speed of 38400 kbps and start communication The demo was made in CodeWarrior 10.4 using TSS library 3.0.1 in Processor Expert tool, source code can be provided if there will be an interest. There is no need to configure MAP file for FreeMaster communication, application uses so called TSA table - it is position independent this way. If you are not familiar with FreeMASTER or not have it installed in your PC - go to www.freescale.com/freemaster to read more and download the free installer, install it and you are good to run the demo. There are two independent snapshots below, showing the response to my finger movement along the slider Enjoy! and keep in touch
View full article
The Freescale Freedom development platform is a low-cost evaluation and development platform featuring Freescale's newest ARM® Cortex™-M0+ based Kinetis KL25Z MCUs NEW! Quick Start Guide Features: KL25Z128VLK4--Cortex-M0+ MCU with:   - 128KB flash, 16KB SRAM - Up to 48MHz operation  - USB full-speed controller OpenSDA--sophisticated USB debug interface Tri-color LED Capacitive touch "slider" Freescale MMA8451Q accelerometer Flexible power supply options   - Power from either on-board USB connector - Coin cell battery holder (optional population option)  - 5V-9V Vin from optional IO header - 5V provided to optional IO header - 3.3V to or from optional IO header Reset button Expansion IO form factor accepts peripherals designed for Arduino™-compatible hardware
View full article
Hello all.   I would like to share an example project for FRDM-KL25Z board on which C90TFS Flash Driver was included to implement emulated EEPROM (Kinetis KL25 doesn’t have Flex Memory). It is based on the “NormalDemo” example project. A string of bytes is stored on the last page of the flash memory (address 0x1FC00-0x1FFFF), and then, it is overwritten with a different string.   The ZIP file also includes the “Standard Software Driver for C90TFS/FTFx Flash User’s Manual” document. For more information, please refer to Freescale website and search for “C90TFS” flash driver. Hope this will be useful for you. Best regards! /Carlos
View full article
The Real Time Clock (RTC) module is the right tool when we want to keep tracking the current time for our applications. For the Freedom Platform (KL25Z) the RTC module features include: 32-bit seconds counter with roll-over protection and 32-bit alarm 16-bit prescaler with compensation that can correct errors between 0.12 ppm and 3906 ppm. Register write protection. Lock register requires POR or software reset to enable write access. 1 Hz square wave output. This document describes how to implement the module configuration. Also, how to modify the hardware in order feed a 32 KHz frequency to RTC module (it is just a simple wire link).     Hardware. The RTC module needs a source clock of 32 KHz. This source is not wired on the board; hence we need to wire it. Do not be afraid of this, it is just a simple wire between PTC3 and PTC1 and the good news are that these pins are external.   PTC1 is configured as the RTC_CLKIN it means that this is the input of source clock.     PTC3 is configured as CLKOUT (several options of clock frequency can be selected in SIM_SOPT2[CLKOUTSEL] register). For this application we need to select the 32 Khz clock frequency.                         RTC configuration using Processor Expert. First of all we need to set the configurations above-mentioned in Component Inspector of CPU component. Enable RTC clock input and select PTC1 in Pin Name field. This selects PTC1 as RTC clock input. MCGIRCLK source as slow in Clock Source Settings > Clock Source Setting 0 > Internal reference clock > MCGIRCLK source. This selects the 32 KHz clock frequency. Set ERCLK32K Clock Source to RTC Clock Input in Clock Source Settings > Clock Source Setting 0 > External reference clock > ERCLK32K Clock Source. This sets the RTC_CLKIN as the 32 KHz input for RTC module. Select PTC3 as the CLKOUT pin and the CLKOUT pin output as MCGIRCLK in Internal peripherals > System Integration Module > CLKOUT pin control. With this procedure we have a frequency of 32 KHz on PTC3 and PTC1 configured as RTC clock-in source. The MCG mode configurations in this case is PEE mode: 96 MHz PLL clock, 48 MHz Core Clock and 24 MHz Bus clock.   For the RTC_LDD component the only important thing is to select the ERCKL32K as the Clock Source. The image below shows the RTC_LDD component configuration for this application.   After this you only need to Generate Processor Expert Code and write your application.  The code of this example application can be found in the attachments of the post. The application prints every second the current time.     RTC bare-metal configuration. For a non-PEx application we need to do the same configurations above. Enable the internal reference clock. MCGIRCLK is active.          MCG_C1 |= MCG_C1_IRCLKEN_MASK; Select the slow internal reference clock source.          MCG_C2 &= ~(MCG_C2_IRCS_MASK); Set PTC1 as RTC_CLKIN and select 32 KHz clock source for the RTC module.          PORTC_PCR1 |= (PORT_PCR_MUX(0x1));              SIM_SOPT1 |= SIM_SOPT1_OSC32KSEL(0b10); Set PTC3 as CLKOUT pin and selects the MCGIRCLK clock to output on the CLKOUT pin.     SIM_SOPT2 |= SIM_SOPT2_CLKOUTSEL(0b100);     PORTC_PCR3 |= (PORT_PCR_MUX(0x5));   And the RTC module configuration could be as follows (this is the basic configuration just with seconds interrupt): Enable software access and interrupts to the RTC module.     SIM_SCGC6 |= SIM_SCGC6_RTC_MASK; Clear all RTC registers.   RTC_CR = RTC_CR_SWR_MASK; RTC_CR &= ~RTC_CR_SWR_MASK;   if (RTC_SR & RTC_SR_TIF_MASK){      RTC_TSR = 0x00000000; } Set time compensation parameters. (These parameters can be different for each application) RTC_TCR = RTC_TCR_CIR(1) | RTC_TCR_TCR(0xFF); Enable time seconds interrupt for the module and enable its irq. enable_irq(INT_RTC_Seconds - 16); RTC_IER |= RTC_IER_TSIE_MASK; Enable time counter. RTC_SR |= RTC_SR_TCE_MASK; Write to Time Seconds Register. RTC_TSR = 0xFF;   After this configurations you can write your application, do not forget to add you Interrupt Service Routine to the vector table and implement an ISR code.   In the attachments you can find two zip files: PEx application and non-PEx application.   I hope this could be useful for you,   Adrián Sánchez Cano. Original Attachment has been moved to: FRDM-KL25Z-RTC-TEST.zip Original Attachment has been moved to: FRDM-KL25Z-PEx-RTC.zip
View full article
When you go with your laptop to a public place and you don't have a wi-fi connection available you can connect your cellphone in the USB port of your computer, turn on the USB tethering feature of your smartphone and you get full acess to the internet using your carrier data plan. The USB tethering uses the the RNDIS protocol and is easy to implement on a laptop.   But how to connect a Kinetis to the internet using a cellphone?   I'm sharing the the first version of the implementation I made of the RNDIS protocol.It's based in the KSDK 1.3 + MQX + LwIP and it can be used for reference in other projects. It's only a first release and I plan some additional implementation, bugfixes and support for other Kinetis boards in the near future but it already can be useful in some projects. Initially it only supports FRDM-K22F and FRDM-K64F but it can be implemented in any MCU with USB controller and enough FLASH. It's a low-cost and simple way to connect your MCU to the internet when you don't have a Ethernet cable available or an Wi-fi connection or a 4G module available in your board.   Introduction   This project implements the RNDIS protocol on the top of the USB Host Stack and in the bottom of the LwIP (TCP/IP stack). When a cellphone is connected to a freedom board, it acts as a USB device and the Freedom board acts as a host.   * Software implementation * Cellphone connected to a FRDM-K64F providing internet connection to the board   The user can design his own software in the top of the TCP/IP stack (LwIP) like if it's connected through an ethernet cable.   Demonstration   To run the demo you will need the KDS 1.3 (www.nxp.com/kds).   To load all the projects needed to your project you have to extract the .zip file and in KDS go to File -> Import, Project of Projects -> Existing Project Sets, and browse to the *.wsd file present in the folder:   USB_RNDIS\KSDK_1.3.0\examples\[your board]\demo_apps\lwip\usb_tethering_demo\usb_tethering_demo_mqx\kds   It will import all the needed project in to your workspaces so you will be able to build all the projects and flash it into your board.   With the application flashed, open a Serial terminal with 115200kbps, 8N1 for the CDC interface of OpenSDA.When the board starts, it will display:     Connect your cellphone in to the USB of the MCU. After connect the phone turn on the USB tethering feature and wait some seconds:   The Freedom Board will be connected to the internet. As an example, this demo connects to an HTTP server in the internet, download to MCU some data (Lastest news from an newspaper website) and displays it through the Serial connection.   You can modify this demo for your own application, using the TCP/IP and UDP/IP provided by the LwIP.   Typical Aplications   - Low-cost temporary internet connectivity to the MCU. - Remote updat (i.e.: bootloader through USB downloading the new firmware direct from the web) - Remote control - Remote diagnostics   Known Issues and Limitations: - This first version was only full implemented for FRDM-K22F and FRDM-K64F. I can implement for other boards through requests. - It was tested on Android Phones (Samsung Galaxy, Motorola G, Motorola X). I don't have a iPhone to test yet. - Some cellphones need additional current to detect that is attached to a host.A external power is needed in this situation.For FRDM-K64F I suggest to use the J27 footprint to provide 5V and short the diode D13. - Not all the RNDIS messages was implemented yet, only the most fundamental ones. - There's a flash size limitation due the size of the TCP/IP stacks ( that requires a considerably space of flash). It can adapted in the future for stacks with smaller footprint. - Only support KDS 3.0 at this time. And it only supports MQX at this time.   Let me  know if you have any question. Hope it can be useful!   1-      With the application flashed, open a Serial terminal with 115200kbps, 8N1 for the CDC interface of OpenSDA.When the board starts, it will display:
View full article
Latest version of the AN2295 universal bootloader includes support for IAR 7.6 IDE. - added support for Kinetis E MCUs - Kinetis K,L,M,E,W,V support
View full article
Background: NXP SC18IS602B I2C bus to SPI bridge chip is using TSSOP16 package, which is 16 leads; 0.65 mm pitch; 5 mm x 4.4 mm x 1.1 mm body. Customer requires to use a smaller package to emulate the SC18IS602B function. Kinetis L series MKL03Z16VFK4R product uses QFN24 package with 4 mm x 4 mm x 0.58 mm body. Demo Overview The I2C to SPI Bridge demo provides a replacement solution demo of SC18IS602B chip. The demo is based on FRDM-KL03Z board using I2C0 module as I2C slave and SPI0 module as SPI master. Provided data buffer size is 400bytes. The demo software is based on KSDK V2.0 for FRDM-KL03Z software. I2C slave interface: Pin number                 Function              FRDM-KL03Z jumper PTB3                          I2C0_SCL           J2-10 PTB4                          I2C0_SDA           J2-9   SPI master interface: Pin number                 Function              FRDM-KL03Z jumper PTA5                           SPI0_SS             J2_3 PTA6                           SPI0_MISO         J2_5 PTA7                           SPI0_MOSI         J2_4 PTB0                           SPI0_SCK           J2_6   INT pin (indicates if I2C to SPI Bridge allows i2c master start a new i2c transfer, low is active) Pin number                 Function              FRDM-KL03Z jumper PTB11                        GPIO output         J2_2   Connect I2C master with FRDM-KL03Z I2C slave interface and connect SPI slave with FRDM-KL03Z SPI master interface; Connect FRDM-KL03Z GND to I2C master and SPI slave before add power to those boards.  Below is the hardware platform connection way: I2C to SPI Bridge Demo Function For the KL03 chip with one SPI0_PCS0 chip select pin, I2C to SPI Bridge demo only supports function ID 0x01 as SPI write command. For example: if i2c master want to write 8bytes (0x21,0x22...0x28) to SPI slave, the i2c master needs to send below data to FRDM-KL03Z board:   [START] + [I2C Slave address+/W] + [0x01](Function ID) + [0x21](data 1) + [0x22](data 2) + ... +[0x28](data 😎 + [STOP]     I2C to SPI bridge demo supports Function ID 0xF0 to configure SPI interface: There provides four SPI baud rate: 6Mbps/3Mbps/1.5Mbps/1Mbps. More detailed info, please check below picture (picture abstracted from SC18IS602B datasheet): For example: customer could configure SPI baud rate to 3Mbps with send below data to FRDM-KL03Z board:        [START] + [I2C Slave address+/W] + [0Xf0](Function ID) + [0x01](data 1) + [STOP] Hardware Platform The demo is based on FRDM-KL03Z board, using internal IRC48M clock as system and bus clock source. There doesn’t need external clock source. Toolchain supported - IAR embedded Workbench 7.60.1  (Tested) - Keil MDK 5.18a - GCC ARM Embedded 2015-4.9-q3 - Kinetis Development Studio IDE 3.2.0 Running the Demo Connect a USB cable between the host PC and the USB port on the target board. Open a serial terminal with the following settings:     - 9600 baud rate     - 8 data bits     - No parity     - One stop bit     - No flow control Download the program to the target board. I2C master start to configure SPI interface      I2C to SPI bridge board I2C address is 0x7E. I2C master write data to SPI slave    I2C master write 10bytes to SPI slave, it will send 11bytes (includes one function ID 0x01). The first data is 0xAA and the last data is 0x22.    After I2C to SPI Bridge receive the data, it will send 10bytes to SPI slave.        I2C to SPI Bridge receive 10 bytes     I2C to SPI Bridge send 10bytes to SPI slave I2C master read data from SPI slave    I2C master read 10bytes(0x10 to 0x19) from SPI slave need to write data to SPI slave at first, then read data from I2C to SPI bridge data buffer directly.    Here just shows read 10bytes from I2C to SPI bridge data buffer. Attached I2C to SPI Bridge demo software default location is: ..\SDK_2.0_FRDM-KL03Z\boards\frdmkl03z\user_apps\i2c_to_spi
View full article
The FRDM-KL25Z is an ultra-low-cost development platform enabled by Kinetis L Series KL1 and KL2 MCUs families built on ARM® Cortex™-M0+ processor. Features include easy access to MCU I/O, battery-ready, low-power operation, a standard-based form factor with expansion board options and a built-in debug interface for flash programming and run-control. The FRDM-KL25Z is supported by a range of Freescale and third-party development software. Features MKL25Z128VLK4 MCU – 48 MHz, 128 KB flash, 16 KB SRAM, USB OTG (FS), 80LQFP Capacitive touch “slider,” MMA8451Q accelerometer, tri-color LED Easy access to MCU I/O Sophisticated OpenSDA debug interface Mass storage device flash programming interface (default) – no tool installation required to evaluate demo apps P&E Multilink interface provides run-control debugging and compatibility with IDE tools Open-source data logging application provides an example for customer, partner and enthusiast development on the OpenSDA circuit Take a look at these application notes: USB DFU boot loader for MCUs Developer’s Serial Bootloader. Low Cost Universal Motor Drive Using Kinetis L family . Writing your First MQXLite Application Learn more...
View full article
Here you can find the code and project files for the GPIO example, in this example the 3 colors of the RGB led are turned on sequentially when the SW2 push button is pressed, the led pin definition is shared throughout all the freedom platforms. The wait function can be defined in seconds, miliseconds or microseconds. Code: #include "mbed.h" //Delay declared in seconds /*GPIO declaration*/ DigitalOut Red(LED1);         DigitalOut Green(LED2); DigitalOut Blue(LED3); DigitalIn sw2(SW2); int main() {     /*Leds OFF*/     Red=1;     Green=1;     Blue=1;         while(1)     {         if(sw2==0)         {             Red = 0;             wait(.2);             Red = 1;             wait(1);                                Green=0;             wait(.2);             Green=1;             wait(1);                         Blue=0;             wait(.2);             Blue=1;             wait(1);         }     } }
View full article
This document shows the implementation of the infrared on the UART0 using the FRDM-KE02Z platform. The FRDM-KE02Z platform is a developing platform for rapid prototyping. The board has a MKE02Z64VQH2 MCU a Kinetis E series MCU which is the first 5-Volt MCU built on the ARM Cortex-M0+ core. You can check the evaluation board in the Freescale’s webpage (FRDM-KE02Z: Kinetis E Series Freedom Development Platform) The Freedom Board has a lot of great features and one of this is an IrDA transmitter and receiver on it. Check this out! One of the features of the MCU is that the UART0 module can implement Infrared functions just following some tricks (MCU-magic tricks). According to the Reference Manual (Document Number: MKE02Z64M20SF0RM) this tricks are:      UART0_TX modulation: UART0_TX output can be modulated by FTM0 channel 0 PWM output      UART0_RX Tag: UART0_RX input can be tagged to FTM0 channel 1 or filtered by ACMP0 module For this example we are going to use the ACMP0 module to implement the UART0_RX functionality. Note1: The Core is configured to run at the maximum frequency: 20 Mhz Note2: Refer to the reference manual document for more information about the registers. Configuring the FTM0. The next lines show the configuration of the FTM0; the module is configured with a Frequency of 38 KHz which is the ideal frequency for an infrared led. The FTM0_CH0 is in Edge_Aligned PWM mode (EPWM).           #define IR_FREQUENCY       38000 //hz      #define FTM0_CLOCK                BUS_CLK_HZ      #define FTM0_MOD_VALUE            FTM0_CLOCK/IR_FREQUENCY      #define FTM0_C0V_VALUE            FTM0_MOD_VALUE/2      void FTM0CH0_Init( void )      {        SIM_SCGC |= SIM_SCGC_FTM0_MASK;             // Init FTM0 to PWM output,frequency is 38khz        FTM0_MOD= FTM0_MOD_VALUE;        FTM0_C0SC = 0x28;        FTM0_C0V = FTM0_C0V_VALUE;        FTM0_SC = 0x08; // bus clock divide by 2      } With this we accomplish the UART0_TX modulation through a PWM on the FTM0_CH0. Configuring the ACMP0. The configuration of the ACMP0 is using a DAC and allowing the ACMP0 can be driven by an analog input.      void ACMP_Init ( void )      {        SIM_SCGC |= SIM_SCGC_ACMP0_MASK;        ACMP0_C1 |= ACMP_C1_DACEN_MASK |                   ACMP_C1_DACREF_MASK|                   ACMP_C1_DACVAL(21);    // enable DAC        ACMP0_C0 |= ACMP_C0_ACPSEL(0x03)|                            ACMP_C0_ACNSEL(0x01);        ACMP0_C2 |= ACMP_C2_ACIPE(0x02);  // enable ACMP1 connect to PIN        ACMP0_CS |= ACMP_CS_ACE_MASK;     // enable ACMP                } With this we have now implemented the UART0_RX.     IrDA initialization. Now the important thing is to initialize the UART0 to work together with these tricks and implement the irDA functions. Basically we initialize the UART0 like when we use normal serial communication (this is not the topic of this post, refer to the project to see the UART_init function) and we write to the most important registers:         SIM_SOPT |= SIM_SOPT_RXDFE_MASK; UART0_RX input signal is filtered by ACMP, then injected to UART0.      SIM_SOPT |= SIM_SOPT_TXDME_MASK; UART0_TX output is modulated by FTM0 channel 0 before mapped to pinout. The configuration is as follows:      void IrDA_Init( void )      { // initialize UART0, 2400 baudrate        UART_init(UART0_BASE_PTR,BUS_CLK_HZ/1000,2400);                  // clear RDRF flag        UART0_S1 |= UART_S1_RDRF_MASK;                  // initialize FTM0CH1 as 38k PWM output        FTM0CH0_Init();                      // enable ACMP        ACMP_Init(); SIM_SOPT |= SIM_SOPT_RXDFE_MASK;  //UART0_RX input signal is filtered by ACMP, then injected to UART0.        UART0_S2 &= ~UART_S2_RXINV_MASK;  //inverse data input SIM_SOPT |= SIM_SOPT_TXDME_MASK;  //UART0_TX output is modulated by FTM0 channel 0 before mapped to pinout.      } With the irDA initialization we got the infrared features on the UART0. Philosophy of the Example In the attachments of this post you can find the example which shows the use of these functions in a basic application; the project was compiled in CodeWarrior 10.6 and the philosophy is: I hope that the information presented on this document could be useful for you. Thank you! Best Regards!
View full article
Hello, I've created a application of USB FLASH Drive acessing the 1MB internal FLASH of K64 using the Freescale's bareboard USB Stack 5.0 software + FRDM-K64F to be used by anyone as reference. It seems to be stable, I already wrote some files on that and checked the integrity of the volume. It can be very useful for datalogger application where the equipment can store data on the MCU FLASH using a internal filesystem, and read it through PC as it was a regular USB stick. It also very much cheaper than using a external SD Card, as it only needs the MCU + a external crystal and a USB connector.The only limitation so far is that it cannot exceed the number of the erase/write cycles of the device (of course!). Please see the file attached with the USB Stack and the example on the folder "{Installation Path}\Freescale_BM_USB_Stack_v5.0\Src\example\device\msd\bm\iar\dev_msd_disk_frdmk64f". The project was wrote using IAR. Also I have attached the srec file if you don't want to build the project by yourself. Any issues, doubts or suggestions, please let me know. Denis
View full article
Hi All, I designed one multi-uarts bootloader project for customers, with which the customers can improve their production efficency in factory. The attached files is the host machine and slave machine bootloader programs and a document for reference. Now the programs can work smoothly on K64 freedom board with three uarts broadcust function. Anybody who has such request can refer to my new program. Best regards David
View full article
Overview          KBOOT v2.0 had been released in the Q2 of the 2016 and it has a lot of new features versus the previous version. For instance, the USB peripheral can work as Mass Storage Class device mode now, not just only supports the HID interface. And in following, USB MSD Bootloader implementation will be illustrated. Preparation FRDM-K64F board Fig1 FRDM-K64F KBOOT v2.0 downloading: KBOOT v2.0 IDE: IAR v7.50 Application demo: KSDK v2.0   Flash-resident bootloader           The K64_120 doesn’t contain the ROM-based bootloader, so the flash-resident bootloader need to be programmed in the K64 and the flash-resident bootloader can be used to download and program an initial application image into a blank area on the flash, and to later update the application.         I. Open the the bootloader project, for instance, using the IAR and select the freedom_bootloader demo         The Fig 2 illustrates the bootloader project for K64 which resides in ~\NXP_Kinetis_Bootloader_2_0_0\NXP_Kinetis_Bootloade r_2_0_0\targets\MK64F12. Fig 2      II. After compiles the demo, then clicks the  button to program the demo to the K64 Linker file modification       According to the freedom_bootloader demo, the vector table relocation address of the application demo has been adapted to the 0xa000 (Table 1), however the default start address of the application is 0x0000_0000. So it’s necessary to modify the linker file to fit the freedom_bootloader and the Table 2 illustrates what the modifications are.                                                     Table 1 // The bootloader will check this address for the application vector table upon startup. #if !defined(BL_APP_VECTOR_TABLE_ADDRESS) #define BL_APP_VECTOR_TABLE_ADDRESS 0xa000 #endif                                                   Table 2 define symbol __ram_vector_table_size__ = isdefinedsymbol(__ram_vector_table__) ? 0x00000400 : 0; define symbol __ram_vector_table_offset__ = isdefinedsymbol(__ram_vector_table__) ? 0x000003FF : 0; //define symbol m_interrupts_start       = 0x00000000; //define symbol m_interrupts_end         = 0x000003FF; define symbol m_interrupts_start       = 0x0000a000; define symbol m_interrupts_end         = 0x0000a3FF; //define symbol m_flash_config_start     = 0x00000400; //define symbol m_flash_config_end       = 0x0000040F; define symbol m_flash_config_start     = 0x0000a400; define symbol m_flash_config_end       = 0x0000a40F; //define symbol m_text_start             = 0x00000410; define symbol m_text_start             = 0x0000a410; define symbol m_text_end               = 0x000FFFFF; define symbol m_interrupts_ram_start   = 0x1FFF0000; define symbol m_interrupts_ram_end     = 0x1FFF0000 + __ram_vector_table_offset__; define symbol m_data_start             = m_interrupts_ram_start + __ram_vector_table_size__; define symbol m_data_end               = 0x1FFFFFFF; define symbol m_data_2_start           = 0x20000000; define symbol m_data_2_end             = 0x2002FFFF; /* Sizes */ if (isdefinedsymbol(__stack_size__)) {   define symbol __size_cstack__        = __stack_size__; } else {   define symbol __size_cstack__        = 0x0400; } if (isdefinedsymbol(__heap_size__)) {   define symbol __size_heap__          = __heap_size__; } else {   define symbol __size_heap__          = 0x0400; } define exported symbol __VECTOR_TABLE  = m_interrupts_start; define exported symbol __VECTOR_RAM    = isdefinedsymbol(__ram_vector_table__) ? m_interrupts_ram_start : m_interrupts_start; define exported symbol __RAM_VECTOR_TABLE_SIZE = __ram_vector_table_size__; define memory mem with size = 4G; define region m_flash_config_region = mem:[from m_flash_config_start to m_flash_config_end]; define region TEXT_region = mem:[from m_interrupts_start to m_interrupts_end]                           | mem:[from m_text_start to m_text_end]; define region DATA_region = mem:[from m_data_start to m_data_end]                           | mem:[from m_data_2_start to m_data_2_end-__size_cstack__]; define region CSTACK_region = mem:[from m_data_2_end-__size_cstack__+1 to m_data_2_end]; define region m_interrupts_ram_region = mem:[from m_interrupts_ram_start to m_interrupts_ram_end]; define block CSTACK    with alignment = 8, size = __size_cstack__   { }; define block HEAP      with alignment = 8, size = __size_heap__     { }; define block RW        { readwrite }; define block ZI        { zi }; initialize by copy { readwrite, section .textrw }; do not initialize  { section .noinit }; place at address mem: m_interrupts_start    { readonly section .intvec }; place in m_flash_config_region              { section FlashConfig }; place in TEXT_region                        { readonly }; place in DATA_region                        { block RW }; place in DATA_region                        { block ZI }; place in DATA_region                        { last block HEAP }; place in CSTACK_region                      { block CSTACK }; place in m_interrupts_ram_region            { section m_interrupts_ram }; SB file generation     I. Brief introduction of SB file         The Kinetis bootloader supports loading of the SB files. The SB file is a Freescale-defined boot file format designed to ease the boot process. The file is generated using the Freescale elftosb tool. The format supports loading of elf or srec files in a controlled manner, using boot commands such as load, jump, fill, erase, and so on. The boot commands are prescribed in the input command file (boot descriptor .bd) to the elftosb tool. The format also supports encryption of the boot image using AES-128 input key.          And right now, the USB MSD bootloader only support SB file drag and drop.    II. Generate the BIN file         After open the hello_world demo in the IAR, using project options dialog select the "Output Converter" and change the output format to "binary" for outputting .BIN format image (Fig 3). Next, build the application demo, then the .BIN file will be generated after the building completes. Fig 3      III. Create BD file There is a template BD file which resides in the ~\NXP_Kinetis_Bootloader_2_0_0\NXP_Kinetis_Bootloader_2_0_0\apps\led_demo\src. Next, adapt the BD file by referring to the Kinetis Elftosb User's Guide, the following table shows the BD file content.                                                    Table 3 sources {         # BIN File path         myBINFile = "hello_world.bin"; } section (0) {         #1. Erase the internal flash         erase 0x0000a000..0x0010000;         #2. Load BIN File to internal flash         load myBINFile > 0xa000;         #3. Reset target.         reset; }      IV.  SB file generation          After creating the BD file shown in the following figure, copy the "hello_world.bin", elftosb.exe, and the BD file into the same directory. Then, open the window with command prompt and invoke elftosb such as “elftosb –V –c FRDM-K64F.bd –o image.sb”. The elftosb processes the FRDM-K64F.bd file and generates an image.sb file. Elftosb also outputs the commands list as shown in Fig 4. Fig 4     V. Application code updating       Plug a USB cable from the PC to the USB connector J26 to power the board , then keep holding the button SW2 down until press and release the Reset button SW1, it can force the K64_120 enter the BOOTLOADER mode. Next, plug another USB cable from the PC to the USB connector J22 (Fig 5), the FSL Loader will come out after completes the enumeration and it will appear as a removable storage driver (Fig 6).  Copy & paste or drag & drop the image.sb to the FSL Loader drive to update the application code, and the Fig 7 illustrates the result of application code runs. Fig 5 Fig 6 Fig 7
View full article
One of the new features that can be found on the FRDM-K82F is the FlexIO header. It’s be specifically designed to interface with the very cost-efficient OV7670 camera, and uses 8 FlexIO lines to read data from the camera. By using the FlexIO feature, it makes it easy to connect a camera to a Kinetis MCU. A demo is included with Kinetis SDK 1.3 which streams the video data from the camera to a host computer over USB. FlexIO: The FlexIO is a highly configurable module found on select Kinetis devices which provides a wide range of functionality including: • Emulation of a variety of serial/parallel communication protocols • Flexible 16-bit timers with support for a variety of trigger, reset, enable and disable conditions • Programmable logic blocks allowing the implementation of digital logic functions on-chip and configurable interaction of internal and external modules • Programmable state machine for offloading basic system control functions from CPU All with less overhead than software bit-banging, while allowing for more flexibility than dedicated IP. Running the Demo: First you’ll need to setup the hardware. An 18 pin header needs to be installed on the *back* of the board. The camera is oriented this way to allow for use of shields on the top, even if the camera is being used. This way the functionality could be extended with WiFi or LCD shields. After the header is soldered on, plug in the camera. It will look like the following when complete: Next we need to program the K82 device with the example firmware. The software can be found in the Kinetis SDK FRDM-K82F stand-alone release, in the C:\Freescale\KSDK_1.3.0_K82\examples\frdmk82f\demo_apps\usb\device\video\flexio_ov7670 folder. Open the project, compile, and program the example specific for your compiler like done for other examples. Make sure you also compile the USB Device library as well. After programming the K82, unplug the USB cable from J5 (OpenSDA) and plug it into J11 (K82 USB). The board will enumerate as a generic USB video device called “USB VIDEO DEMO”. You can then use this device with any video capture software, like Skype or Lync.  Here's a shot of the clock in my cube: The resolution is 160*120, the video image format is RGB565. You may need to manually adjust the focus by rotating the lens on the camera. The frame rate can also be sped up by modifying line 342 in usb_descriptor.c: 5fps: 0x80,0x84,0x1E,0x00, /* Default frame interval is 5fps */ 10fps:  0x40,0x42,0x0F,0x00, 15fps:  0x2A,0x2C,0x0A,0x00, 20fps:  0x20,0xA1,0x07,0x00, The 160*120 max resolution was determined by the amount internal SRAM of the device, as there is not external RAM on the FRDM-K82F board. More Information: One of many places to buy the OV7670 camera module​ OV7670 Reference Manual​ FlexIO Overview ​ FlexIO Training presented at FTF
View full article