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i.MX93 DDR stress test tool is different with previous i.MX tool. This Chinese article describe how to debug i.MX93 DDR and introduce DDR config tool usage.
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In some cases, such as mass production or preparing a demo. We need u-boot environment stored in demo sdcard mirror image.  Here is a way: HW:  i.MX8MP evk SW:  LF_v5.15.52-2.1.0_images_IMX8MPEVK.zip The idea is to use fw_setenv to set the sdcard mirror as the operation on a real emmc/sdcard. Add test=ABCD in u-boot-initial-env for test purpose. And use fw_printenv to check and use hexdump to double confirm it. The uboot env is already written into sdcard mirror(imx-image-multimedia-imx8mpevk.wic). All those operations are on the host x86/x64 PC. ./fw_setenv -c fw_env.config -f u-boot-initial-env Environment WRONG, copy 0 Cannot read environment, using default ./fw_printenv -c fw_env.config Environment OK, copy 0 jh_root_dtb=imx8mp-evk-root.dtb loadbootscript=fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${loadaddr} ${bsp_script}; mmc_boot=if mmc dev ${devnum}; then devtype=mmc; run scan_dev_for_boot_part; fi arch=arm baudrate=115200 ...... ...... ...... splashimage=0x50000000 test=ABCD usb_boot=usb start; if usb dev ${devnum}; then devtype=usb; run scan_dev_for_boot_part; fi vendor=freescale hexdump -s 0x400000 -n 2000 -C imx-image-multimedia-imx8mpevk.wic 00400000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| hexdump -s 0x400000 -n 10000 -C imx-image-multimedia-imx8mpevk.wic 00400000 5f a4 9b 97 20 6a 68 5f 72 6f 6f 74 5f 64 74 62 |_... jh_root_dtb| 00400010 3d 69 6d 78 38 6d 70 2d 65 76 6b 2d 72 6f 6f 74 |=imx8mp-evk-root| 00400020 2e 64 74 62 00 20 6c 6f 61 64 62 6f 6f 74 73 63 |.dtb. loadbootsc| 00400030 72 69 70 74 3d 66 61 74 6c 6f 61 64 20 6d 6d 63 |ript=fatload mmc| 00400040 20 24 7b 6d 6d 63 64 65 76 7d 3a 24 7b 6d 6d 63 | ${mmcdev}:${mmc| 00400050 70 61 72 74 7d 20 24 7b 6c 6f 61 64 61 64 64 72 |part} ${loadaddr| 00400060 7d 20 24 7b 62 73 70 5f 73 63 72 69 70 74 7d 3b |} ${bsp_script};| 00400070 00 20 6d 6d 63 5f 62 6f 6f 74 3d 69 66 20 6d 6d |. mmc_boot=if mm| ...... ...... ...... 00401390 76 3d 31 00 73 6f 63 3d 69 6d 78 38 6d 00 73 70 |v=1.soc=imx8m.sp| 004013a0 6c 61 73 68 69 6d 61 67 65 3d 30 78 35 30 30 30 |lashimage=0x5000| 004013b0 30 30 30 30 00 74 65 73 74 3d 41 42 43 44 00 75 |0000.test=ABCD.u| 004013c0 73 62 5f 62 6f 6f 74 3d 75 73 62 20 73 74 61 72 |sb_boot=usb star| 004013d0 74 3b 20 69 66 20 75 73 62 20 64 65 76 20 24 7b |t; if usb dev ${| 004013e0 64 65 76 6e 75 6d 7d 3b 20 74 68 65 6e 20 64 65 |devnum}; then de| flash the sdcard mirror into i.MX8MP evk board emmc to check uuu -b emmc_all imx-boot-imx8mp-lpddr4-evk-sd.bin-flash_evk imx-image-multimedia-imx8mpevk.wic  The first time boot, the enviroment is already there.  How to achieve that: a. fw_setenv/fw_printenv: https://github.com/sbabic/libubootenv.git Note: Please do not use uboot fw_setenv/fw_printenv Compile it on the host x86/x64 PC. It is used on host. b. u-boot-initial-env Under uboot, make u-boot-initial-env Note: Yocto deploys u-boot-initial-env by default c. fw_env.config  imx-image-multimedia-imx8mpevk.wic 0x400000 0x4000 0x400000 0x4000 are from uboot-imx\configs\imx8mp_evk_defconfig CONFIG_ENV_SIZE=0x4000 CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET=0x400000 Now, you can run  ./fw_setenv -c fw_env.config -f u-boot-initial-env
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platform: imx8qxp c0 mek OS: yocto 4.19.35_1.1.0 hardware connection: imx8qxp lvds0 => dummy panel ,  lvds1 => it6263 => display   On imx8qxp there are one DPU(display process unit) and one ISI(image subsystem interface), ISI supports input from dpu.   dpu block diagram: note that only dsi0 and lvds0 can be used for loopback. and this patch only test the lvds0, since lvds support dummy panel.   Please see the readme in the attchment for how to enale this feature.   Note: for ISI loopback,  it needs output of 2x GPIO (4x for HDMI-TX or combo PHY) to pixel_link_receiver_address: For iMX8QM: o LVDS: pixel_link_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[7:6]  o MIPI-DSI: pixel_link_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[7:6] o HDMI-TX: odd_pixel_link_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[7:6],even_pixel_link_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[5:4]   For iMX8QXP: o Combo MIPI-DSI / LVDS: pixel_link0_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[7:6], pixel_link1_receiver_address[1:0] = do_gpio_dr[5:4]   
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[中文翻译版] 见附件   原文链接: https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-343273 
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Sometimes we got CMA allocation error while there're still many free pages in CMA area.  This article analyze several cases/reason for this kind of failure.
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This package is a OTA upgrade implementation for smartlocker in i.MX7ULP kernel. The bootaux command for i.MX7ULP can also be applied to other projects. File description: smartlocker OTA upgrade user manual. Modified u-boot. Modification involves: Add bootaux command. To use this command, the M4 image will be read out from boot partition to TCM_L. (Or DDR and then it will be copied to TCM_L in the command) It took 19ms to read M4 image. Change u-boot default env. If M4 image and zImage read failed, recovery M4 image and zImage will be loaded. patch of u-boot changes. u-boot defconfig for bootaux change. sh script, updater.sh. Example for upgrade package. Power shutdown in copying upgrade files may cause file broken. So currently, we use below copy strategy: Copy upgrade file to target directory as tmp file. Delete target file. Rename tmp file to target file.
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Customer is asking high-capacity external storage(for example >64GB) support on i.MX BSP, ext4 is ok for HC storage, but it can’t be supported by Windows. Pls find NFTS and exFAT support status on Linux BSP below: Updated test result on L5.4.70.2.3.0 and L6.1.22: L5.4.70.2.3.0 1.You can enable ntfs support in kernel config as below,  ntfs can be mounted normally, but you can only modify existing file content in disk, you can’t create/delete/rename file on disk. > File systems > DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems   Log: root@imx8mpevk:~# mount -t ntfs /dev/sda1 /mnt/fat/ [  662.732869] ntfs: volume version 3.1. root@imx8mpevk:~# cp ntfs-3g /mnt/fat/ cp: cannot create regular file '/mnt/fat/ntfs-3g': Permission denied root@imx8mpevk:~# ls /mnt/fat/ 111.png  Image_org  System Volume Information  gpuinfo.sh root@imx8mpevk:~# vi /mnt/fat/gpuinfo.sh root@imx8mpevk:~# umount /mnt/fat/ root@imx8mpevk:~# ntfs file system can be accessed via ntfs-3g in user space as below //build: wget https://tuxera.com/opensource/ntfs-3g_ntfsprogs-2017.3.23.tgz tar zxvf ntfs-3g_ntfsprogs-2017.3.23.tgz cd ntfs-3g_ntfsprogs-2017.3.23/ source ../../sdk/environment-setup-aarch64-poky-linux   ./configure --host=aarch64-linux --build=aarch64-poky-linux --disable-shared --enable-static   make   ls /src/ntfs-3g   //put it into rootfs cp ntfs-3g /bin   //test log: root@imx8mpevk:/# [ 1058.724471] usb 1-1: USB disconnect, device number 4 [ 1062.058613] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci-hcd [ 1062.214029] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [ 1062.220986] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1:1.0 [ 1063.235871] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     VendorCo ProductCode      2.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [ 1063.246185] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 15728640 512-byte logical blocks: (8.05 GB/7.50 GiB) [ 1063.254023] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 1063.259164] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found [ 1063.264540] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 1063.296946]  sda: sda1 [ 1063.300860] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk   root@imx8mpevk:/# ntfs-3g /dev/sda1 /mnt/fat/ root@imx8mpevk:/# ls /mnt/fat/ README  System Volume Information  gpu.sh  gpuinfo.sh root@imx8mpevk:/# cp /unit_tests/memtool /mnt/fat/ root@imx8mpevk:/# umount /mnt/fat/ root@imx8mpevk:/# ntfs-3g /dev/sda1 /mnt/fat/ root@imx8mpevk:/# ls /mnt/fat/ README  System Volume Information  gpu.sh  gpuinfo.sh  memtool root@imx8mpevk:/#   3.exFAT is not supported on this BSP..   L6.1.22(you can check it on L5.15 and above, should be the same) You can enable ntfs support in kernel config as below, full features can be supported. > File systems > DOS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems   Pls use ‘-t ntfs3’ during mounting, otherwise it will be mounted as ‘read-only’ Log: root@imx8ulpevk:~# mount -t ntfs3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/fat/ root@imx8ulpevk:~# ls /mnt/fat/ 111.png   Image_org  'System Volume Information' root@imx8ulpevk:~# root@imx8ulpevk:~# cp gpuinfo.sh /mnt/fat/ root@imx8ulpevk:~# umount /mnt/fat/ root@imx8ulpevk:~# root@imx8ulpevk:~# mount -t ntfs3 /dev/sda1 /mnt/fat/ root@imx8ulpevk:~# ls /mnt/fat/ 111.png   Image_org  'System Volume Information'   gpuinfo.sh root@imx8ulpevk:~#   exFAT has been supported in L6.1.22. > File systems > DOS/FAT/EXFAT/NT Filesystems   /dev/sda1 on /run/media/sda1 type exfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,iocharset=utf8,errors=remount-ro) root@imx8ulpevk:~# ls /run/media/sda1 'Certificate of Completion.pdf'             carlife.MP4 Image_org                                  example.tflite L5.4.70_2.3.0                              mx8mp_vpu.txt NXP-5G.mp4                                 sd.mp4 'System Volume Information'                 vela.ini android_p9.0.0_2.1.0-auto-ga_image_8qmek root@imx8ulpevk:~# ls Image_org  gpuinfo.sh root@imx8ulpevk:~# cp gpuinfo.sh /run/media/sda1/ root@imx8ulpevk:~# umount /run/media/sda1 root@imx8ulpevk:~#
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Hello everyone, this document will share an step by step guide of the configuration needed in a Linux PC to compile the SDK examples we provide, as well as how to download them in an easy way. Requirements: I.MX 8M Mini EVK SDK package (for i.MX8MM) UUU tool First step would be to get the SDK package, this include documentation and code, which is available at the MCUXpresso builder webpage: https://mcuxpresso.nxp.com/en/welcome Click on the select a development board and select the package for your development kit or the i.MX MPU   This guide is focused on Linux build so will select GCC package and Linux host PC as the environment. Click on build and wait for the SDK package to be ready for download. Note1: Click on select all if the whole middleware package is desired Note2: it is possible to select each middleware that are desired. On new window select download SDK Select on new pop-up window download both SDK and documentation Read and accept EULA so the download start Decompress the package using the following command: $ tar -xvzf ~/SDK_2_13_0_EVK-MIMX8MM.tar.gz -C ~/SDK_2_13_0_EVK-MIMX8MM Next will be to download the GCC from the ARM webpage, gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2 https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-rm Note that the GCC version used is based on the minimum version required, since this was tested and supported, this could be found within the SDK documentation (~/SDK_2_13_0_EVK-MIMX8MM/docs/MCUXpresso SDK Release Notes for EVK-MIMX8MM) Once downloaded we can decompress and configure the environment: $ tar -xf gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2 $ export ARMGCC_DIR=~/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10 $ export PATH=$PATH:~/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10 $ sudo apt-get install cmake  Check the version >= 3.0.x $ cmake --version Once this is done we enter the path of the example of our choice and compile using the script, as necessary using debug, release or all. $ cd ~/SDK_2_13_0_EVK-MIMX8MM/boards/evkmimx8mm/demo_apps/hello_world/armgcc $./build_release.sh The binary (elf and bin) will be found inside the folder according to whether we use debug or release script. For this example we used release script: $ cd release Once builded we can move/download the binaries from the Linux host PC to the board by using the UUU tool with the command fat_write #### we put the board in fastboot mode by entering the command in the uboot terminal fastboot 0 #### From the Linux terminal introduce the UUU command to  download to the FAT partition of the eMMC of the baord: ## For rproc it is needed the .elf binary ## $ uuu -v -b fat_write hello_world.elf mmc 0:1 hello_world.elf ## For bootaux it is needed the .bin binary ## $  uuu -v -b fat_write hello_world.bin mmc 0:1 hello_world.bin Once with the binaries in the FAT partition of the SD/eMMC of our board we can make the necessary modifications (device tree/bootargs) to test the Cortex-M examples. For any question regarding this document, please create a community thread and tag me if needed. Saludos/Regards, Aldo.
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i.MX8 series contains internal HiFi4 DSP. It is targeted for Audio related signal processing. SOF (Sound Open Firmware) is open source audio DSP firmware, driver and SDK. This document introduces basic theory about IIR/FIR digital filters, how to design IIR/FIR digital filters and the Equalizer filters implementation by SOF. After that, the document also describes how HiFi4 DSP MAC engine accelerate the EQ filters calculation.
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     The following steps allow you to add a pad Wakeup on i.MX 8QuadMax MEK CPU Board. On the Host.   Cloning the Linux kernel repository.   Clone the i.MX Linux Kernel repo to the home directory. cd ~ git clone -b lf-5.10.72-2.2.0 https://source.codeaurora.org/external/imx/linux-imx cd linux-imx/ Patching the device tree.   Open the imx8qm-mek.dts file: vim arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8qm-mek.dts Add the following lines: &lsio_gpio2{       pad-wakeup-num = <1>;       pad-wakeup = <81 4 1>; }; In the line pad-wakeup-num = <1>; , the number "1" corresponds to the number of pads that you want to add. The line pad-wakeup = <81 4 1>; has three parameters: The first parameter corresponds to the "pin_id", you can find it in include/dt-bindings/pinctrl/pads-imx8qm.h , in this example we are using "IMX8QM_MIPI_CSI1_I2C0_SDA". The second parameter corresponds to the "'type'", you can find it in the i.MX 8QuadMax Applications Processor Reference Manual, in the page 802:   For this example we are using "LOW". The third parameter corresponds to the "line", the number of bit in 32bit gpio group, you can find it in include/dt-bindings/pinctrl/pads-imx8qm.h In this example, "IMX8QM_MIPI_CSI1_I2C0_SDA" belongs to gpio group 2, line 1. Build the device tree.   Setup your toolchain, for example: source /opt/fsl-imx-wayland/5.10-hardknott/environment-setup-cortexa53-crypto-poky-linux Generate config file. make imx_v8_defconfig Compile the device tree. make freescale/imx8qm-mek.dtb Copy the .dtb file to the MEK CPU Board, for example with scp: scp imx8qm-mek.dtb root@<MEK_CPU_Board_IP>:/home/root Alternatively, you may copy the .dtb file directly to the FAT32 partition where the Kernel and Device Tree files are located. On the MEK CPU Board.   Switching the device tree.   To copy the updated device tree to the corresponding partition, first create a directory. mkdir Partition_1 Mount the partition one. mount /dev/mmcblk1p1 Partition_1/ Copy or move the device tree into partition one. cp imx8qm-mek.dtb Partition_1/ Reboot the board. reboot How to wake up the i.MX 8QuadMax MEK CPU Board.   In this example a wire was soldered on "R204":     Run the following command on the MEK CPU Board: echo mem > /sys/power/state And you will see something like: [   53.769266] PM: suspend entry (deep) [   53.902130] Filesystems sync: 0.129 seconds [   53.908068] Freezing user space processes ... (elapsed 0.002 seconds) done. [   53.917189] OOM killer disabled. [   53.920420] Freezing remaining freezable tasks ... (elapsed 0.001 seconds) done. [   53.929626] printk: Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug) Connect the wire that was soldered on "R204" to ground, the MEK CPU Board will wake up and you will see something like: [   54.687125] fec 5b040000.ethernet eth0: Link is Down [   54.689876] PM: suspend devices took 0.756 seconds [   54.709570] Disabling non-boot CPUs ... [   54.710562] CPU1: shutdown [   54.711582] psci: CPU1 killed (polled 0 ms) [   54.714360] CPU2: shutdown [   54.715376] psci: CPU2 killed (polled 0 ms) [   54.717365] CPU3: shutdown [   54.718382] psci: CPU3 killed (polled 0 ms) [   54.719887] CPU4: shutdown [   54.720884] psci: CPU4 killed (polled 4 ms) [   54.722213] CPU5: shutdown [   54.723229] psci: CPU5 killed (polled 0 ms) [   54.724731] Enabling non-boot CPUs ... [   54.725388] Detected VIPT I-cache on CPU1 [   54.725423] GICv3: CPU1: found redistributor 1 region 0:0x0000000051b20000 [   54.725486] CPU1: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000001 [0x410fd034] [   54.726455] CPU1 is up [   54.726930] Detected VIPT I-cache on CPU2 [   54.726947] GICv3: CPU2: found redistributor 2 region 0:0x0000000051b40000 [   54.726976] CPU2: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000002 [0x410fd034] [   54.727478] CPU2 is up [   54.727955] Detected VIPT I-cache on CPU3 [   54.727971] GICv3: CPU3: found redistributor 3 region 0:0x0000000051b60000 [   54.728001] CPU3: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000003 [0x410fd034] [   54.728497] CPU3 is up [   54.729806] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU4 [   54.729825] GICv3: CPU4: found redistributor 100 region 0:0x0000000051b80000 [   54.729857] CPU4: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000100 [0x410fd082] [   54.730490] CPU4 is up [   54.730985] Detected PIPT I-cache on CPU5 [   54.730999] GICv3: CPU5: found redistributor 101 region 0:0x0000000051ba0000 [   54.731021] CPU5: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000101 [0x410fd082] [   54.731679] CPU5 is up [   54.756440] hdmi_rx_hd_core_clk: failed to set clock parent -16 [   54.765828] gpio-mxc 5d0a0000.gpio: wakeup by pad, line 1 [   54.844242] ahci-imx 5f020000.sata: external osc is used. [   54.913582] caam 31400000.crypto: registering rng-caam [   54.918358] PM: resume devices took 0.148 seconds [   55.096663] OOM killer enabled. [   55.099814] Restarting tasks ... done. [   55.111833] PM: suspend exit  
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[中文翻译版] 见附件   原文链接: https://community.nxp.com/docs/DOC-342174 
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  Platform & BSP :i.MX8MPlus, L6.1.36   The attachments enable the i.MX8MPlus pci function in uboot. lspci in Linux root@imx8mpevk:~# lspci -nn 00:00.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Synopsys, Inc. DWC_usb3 / PCIe bridge [16c3:abcd] (rev 01) 01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. Device [1b4b:2b42] (rev 11) pci test results in uboot:  u-boot=> pci BusDevFun VendorId DeviceId Device Class Sub-Class _____________________________________________________________ 00.00.00 0x16c3 0xabcd Bridge device 0x04 u-boot=> pci bar 00.00.00 ID Base Size Width Type ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 0x0000000018000000 0x0000000000100000 32 MEM u-boot=> pci regions 00 Buses 00-01 # Bus start Phys start Size Flags 0 0x0000000000000000 0x000000001ff80000 0x0000000000010000 io 1 0x0000000018000000 0x0000000018000000 0x0000000007f00000 mem 2 0x0000000040000000 0x0000000040000000 0x0000000016000000 mem sysmem 3 0x0000000058000000 0x0000000058000000 0x00000000a8000000 mem sysmem 4 0x0000000100000000 0x0000000100000000 0x00000000c0000000 mem sysmem u-boot=> pci header 00.00.00 vendor ID = 0x16c3 device ID = 0xabcd command register ID = 0x0007 status register = 0x0010 revision ID = 0x01 class code = 0x06 (Bridge device) sub class code = 0x04 programming interface = 0x00 cache line = 0x08 latency time = 0x00 header type = 0x01 BIST = 0x00 base address 0 = 0x18000000 base address 1 = 0x00000000 primary bus number = 0x00 secondary bus number = 0x01 subordinate bus number = 0x01 secondary latency timer = 0x00 IO base = 0x10 IO limit = 0x00 secondary status = 0x0000 memory base = 0x1820 memory limit = 0x1810 prefetch memory base = 0xfff0 prefetch memory limit = 0x0000 prefetch memory base upper = 0x00000000 prefetch memory limit upper = 0x00000000 IO base upper 16 bits = 0x0000 IO limit upper 16 bits = 0x0000 expansion ROM base address = 0x18100000 interrupt line = 0xff interrupt pin = 0x01 bridge control = 0x0000
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Detailed Features List of i.MX35 PDK board I.MX35 CPU Card Additional Resources I.MX35 PDK Board Flashing SD Card i.MX35 PDK Board Flashing NAND i.MX35 PDK Linux Booting SD Loading Redboot Binary Directly to RAM Fixing Redboot RAM Bug Fixing Redboot RAM bug (CSD1 not activated)
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Symptoms   When configure a gpio pin for a driver in the dts/dtsi file like below example,   e.g.   a-switch {            compatible = "a-switch-driver";            pinctrl-names = "default";            pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_switch>;            gpios = <&lsio_gpio1 1 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;            status = "okay"; };   pinctrl_switch: switch_gpio {     fsl,pins = < IMX8QXP_SPI2_SDO_LSIO_GPIO1_IO01    0x21 >; };   then you may get the error when request the gpio in the driver during the kernel boot up.   Error message like this: a-switch: failed to request gpio a-switch: probe of a-switch failed with error -22   Linux version: L5.4.x   Diagnosis   Because the gpio_mxc_init function run before the function imx_scu_driver_init. The pm_domains for gpio is not ready before running mxc_gpio_probe, so gpio request will be failed.     Solution   There are two ways to resolve this issue 1. Build the driver as a module. i.e. select the driver in kernel’s menuconfig as “M”. Then , run “insmod” to load the driver after the kernel boot up.   OR   2. Apply below patch, let gpio driver init after scu driver. diff --git a/drivers/gpio/gpio-mxc.c b/drivers/gpio/gpio-mxc.c index 1dfe513f8fcf..52b5799040b3 100644 --- a/drivers/gpio/gpio-mxc.c +++ b/drivers/gpio/gpio-mxc.c @@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ static int __init gpio_mxc_init(void) return platform_driver_register(&mxc_gpio_driver); } -subsys_initcall(gpio_mxc_init); +device_initcall(gpio_mxc_init);  
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The following steps allow to make use of device tree overlay files, a definition of device tree overlay provided by kernel.org is the next:  "A Devicetree’s overlay purpose is to modify the kernel’s live tree, and have the modification affecting the state of the kernel in a way that is reflecting the changes. Since the kernel mainly deals with devices, any new device node that result in an active device should have it created while if the device node is either disabled or removed all together, the affected device should be deregistered." Knowing that, in this post will be used as an example the baseboard "i.MX 93 EVK" and will be added with device tree overlay an LVDS panel, adding an automatic detection from u-boot, and will be used a host with linux version Ubuntu 20.04.2. Note: It only works for linux kernel version 6.6.3-nanbield onward. Linux device-tree overlay from linux-imx   This section explains all about device tree overlay compilation and building, to create a .dtso file, the equivalent of .dts for overlays, adding some difference between them, using as base the linux-imx repository. It can be downloaded from the following repository:   git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/linux-imx.git -b <branch version>   Branch version used by this post "lf-6.6.3-1.0.0". Device tree source overlay (.dtso)    It can be similar to a device tree source (.dts) but it had little difference between them, there are some difference in the next list: There's another type of files to be included, if is used pinmux it's necessary adding it with "#include "imx93-pinfunc.h"" and libraries from dt-bindings, it depends on the type of device tree to implement "#include <dt-bindings/<library>>" At initialization it needs to add: "/dts-v1/;"  "/plugin/;" Addition of "fragment" nodes, it allow override parts of a device tree,  it can be a specific node or create a new node. following structure it's the structure of a fragment:   { /* ignored properties by the overlay */ fragment@0 { /* first child node */ target=<phandle>; /* phandle target of the overlay */ or target-path="/path"; /* target path of the overlay */ __overlay__ { property-a; /* add property-a to the target */ node-a { /* add to an existing, or create a node-a */ ... }; }; } fragment@1 { /* second child node */ ... }; /* more fragments follow */ }   kernel.org Overlays can't delete a property or a node when it's applied, so can't be used "/delete-node/" nor "/delete-prop/", but it can be added to the node "status = "disabled";" to disable it.  Using as an example the file imx93-11x11-evk-boe-wxga-lvds-panel.dts located in the previous repository file direction <linux-imx path>/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/ using it as a base tree:   // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0+ OR MIT) /* * Copyright 2022 NXP */ #include "imx93-11x11-evk.dts" / { lvds_backlight: lvds_backlight { compatible = "pwm-backlight"; pwms = <&adp5585pwm 0 100000 0>; enable-gpios = <&adp5585gpio 8 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; power-supply = <&reg_vdd_12v>; status = "okay"; brightness-levels = < 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100>; default-brightness-level = <80>; }; ... }; ... &adv7535 { status = "disabled"; }; ...   imx93-11x11-evk-boe-wxga-lvds-panel.dts Using the previous points and making use of fragments, if we want adapt the node lvds_backlight as fragment, it will be  added in the section of overlay, and adding it to a target-path "/":   #include <dt-bindings/interrupt-controller/irq.h> #include "imx93-pinfunc.h" #include <dt-bindings/gpio/gpio.h> /dts-v1/; /plugin/; / { fragment@0 { target-path = "/"; __overlay__ { lvds_backlight: lvds_backlight { compatible = "pwm-backlight"; pwms = <&adp5585pwm 0 100000 0>; enable-gpios = <&adp5585gpio 8 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; power-supply = <&reg_vdd_12v>; status = "okay"; brightness-levels = < 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100>; default-brightness-level = <80>; }; }; }; ... };   imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtso In the case of adding a property to an existing node, it will look in the following way using as example the node adv7535.   ... / { ... fragment@2 { target = <&adv7535>; __overlay__ { status = "disabled"; }; }; ... };   imx93-11x11-evk-boe-wxga-lvds-panel.dts At the end of this post, will be attach the complete file used for LVDS panel named as imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtso Build device tree blob for overlay (dtbo)   To compile the previous .dtso it's necessary to include it to linux-imx repository, linux device tree overlay was included in BSP from version 6.6.3-nanbield onward in Makefile, so it's only necessary adding it as files to be compiled as .dtso, at the end of the post will be a patch file named as linux-imx-makefile.patch to add LVDS-panel to Makefile from branch lf-6.6.3-1.0.0 Add previously file imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtso to path <linux-imx path>/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/ Add imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtso as file to be compiled in Makefile, it is located in the next path <linux-imx path>/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/Makefile, it can be added with the next sentence format: <overlay without extension>-dtbs := <file to be overlayed>.dtb <overlay>.dtbo Example of how to add LVDS panel to makefile  imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel-dtbs := imx93-11x11-evk.dtb imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo Makefile From main path, make the configuration to be compiled with the following bash command: $ cd <linux-imx path>/ $ make -j$(nproc --all) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- imx_v8_defconfig​ Compile overlay to use $ make -j $(nproc --all) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- freescale/<overlay>.dtbo​ as example for LVDS panel $ make -j $(nproc --all) ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- freescale/imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo It will compile the device tree blob overlay to use. Copy .dtbo generated in memory used by i.MX 93, it can be sending it from scp. scp ./​<overlay>.dtbo​ root@<ip>:/run/media/<memory section used> u-boot   This section explain the procedure to load a device tree overlay, it will be from u-boot explaining commands used and using the LVDS panel as an example. Before applying overlay   Before applying, it's necessary had a device tree loaded so looking around in the process of booting in a i.MX 93 from u-boot, this process is defined by the enviroment variable "bsp_bootcmd" that calls the variable mmcboot, and looking what does these variables, it can be look in the following sentence:    bsp_bootcmd=echo Running BSP bootcmd ...; mmc dev ${mmcdev}; if mmc rescan; then if run loadbootscript; then run bootscript; else if test ${sec_boot} = yes; then if run loadcntr; then run mmcboot; else run netboot; fi; else if run loadimage; then run mmcboot; else run netboot; fi; fi; fi; fi; mmcboot=echo Booting from mmc ...; run mmcargs; if test ${sec_boot} = yes; then if run auth_os; then run boot_os; else echo ERR: failed to authenticate; fi; else if test ${boot_fit} = yes || test ${boot_fit} = try; then bootm ${loadaddr}; else if run loadfdt; then run boot_os; else echo WARN: Cannot load the DT; fi; fi;fi;   but reducing it in a normal situation, ignoring if else case and echoes, it can be simplify to:   mmc dev ${mmcdev}; run loadimage; run mmcargs; run loadfdt; run boot_os;   the device tree is load is in the section "run loadfdt" with fatload in his definition:   loadfdt=fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdt_addr_r} ${fdtfile}   So, it's necessary to applying device tree overlay after "run loadfdt". How to apply an overlay   To load correctly an overlay it's necessary to following some steps: Load flattened device tree (fdt). (executed by loadfdt) Configure fdt address.  In some cases it's necessary to expand fdt memory size Load overlay Apply overlay The full sentence to apply it, it's the following u-boot command:   u-boot=> setexpr fdtovaddr ${fdt_addr} + 0xF0000; setexpr fdt_buffer 16384; fdt addr ${fdt_addr} && fdt resize ${fdt_buffer}; fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdtovaddr} <overlay>.dtbo && fdt apply ${fdtovaddr};   First of all, setexpr it's just to create a new variable, in this case these variable is an integer. Spliting the previously command we can found the steps to applying it. "fdt addr ${fdt_addr};" used to configure fdt address, and point to the space of memory previously charged. "fdt resize ${fdt_buffer};" expand fdt memory size, is used as a value 16384 just to get the enough space to charge dtbo, this number was related with 2 14 "fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdtovaddr} <overlay>.dtbo" Load device tree overlay using fdovaddr, that is fdt_addr adding an offset of memory space.  "fdt apply ${fdtovaddr};" apply device tree overlay Remembering about load overlay needs to be executed after loadfdt, it's possible to save the previous command to a variable and executing it after loadfdt with setexpr, in this case using as example lvds test.   u-boot=> setenv loadoverlay "setexpr fdtovaddr ${fdt_addr} + 0xF0000; setexpr fdt_buffer 16384; fdt addr $\{fdt_addr\} && fdt resize $\{fdt_buffer\}; fatload mmc $\{mmcdev\}:$\{mmcpart\} $\{fdtovaddr\} imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo && fdt apply $\{fdtovaddr\};"   and modifying mmcboot with loadoverlay after loadfdt   u-boot=> setenv mmcboot "run mmcargs; run loadfdt; run loadoverlay; run boot_os;"   to save the environment variables created, it can be saved from u-boot wit the following command.   u-boot=> saveenv   At the end, boot imx93   u-boot=> boot   The LVDS panel should be working using the original dtb (imx93-11x11-evk.dtb) applied the overlay. Automatize u-boot LVDS Panel   This section explain how can be automatize the u-boot load overlay using an LVDS panel, it can vary depending the device to used for, the method used is detecting it in u-boot initialization and if found any device it will generate an environment variable. All the steps was using as a base uboot-imx repository, it can be downloaded from the following repository, at the end of this post will be a patch with the changes.   git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/uboot-imx.git -b <branch version>   Branch version used "lf-6.6.3-1.0.0". Base   Knowing more about LVDS Panel used by imx93 it's really hard know more information about registers, so in this example will be limited to detect that is connected the address to a corresponding bus from touch controller.  To know i2c address and bus used by LVDS panel it was used searching it from the original device tree in the next section:   &lpi2c1 { exc80h60: touch@2a { compatible = "eeti,exc80h60"; reg = <0x2a>; pinctrl-names = "default"; pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_ctp_int>; /* * Need to do hardware rework here: * remove R131, short R181 */ interrupt-parent = <&gpio2>; interrupts = <21 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_LOW>; reset-gpios = <&pcal6524 17 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; status = "okay"; }; };   imx93-11x11-evk-boe-wxga-lvds-panel.dts Previous node is related with touch controller from LVDS using lpi2c1, the first channel of i2c corresponding to i2c bus 0, and the register used express the address used to be detected by device tree, in this case was the address 0x2A. u-boot generating a trigger   About how it can be detected touch controller from u-boot, this procedure use a function named as "board_late_init", it can be found by his definition from u-boot readme:   Board initialization settings: ------------------------------ During Initialization u-boot calls a number of board specific functions to allow the preparation of board specific prerequisites, e.g. pin setup before drivers are initialized. To enable these callbacks the following configuration macros have to be defined. Currently this is architecture specific, so please check arch/your_architecture/lib/board.c typically in board_init_f() and board_init_r(). - CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_F: Call board_early_init_f() - CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_R: Call board_early_init_r() - CONFIG_BOARD_LATE_INIT: Call board_late_init()   u-boot README In the case of i.MX 93 this function can be found in the next path <u-boot path>/board/freescale/imx93_evk/imx93_evk.c. Using the library included, "uclass.h", it will create a function that, if detect in the bus 0 (LVDS i2c bus) the address 0x2A (i2c LVDS address), it will create an environment variable with the overlay used, it can be set with the function env_set(<String with the name of the variable>, <String with the content of the variable>), the following function can detect and create the environment variable mentioned, creating it with the name "device-tree-overlay" with the content "lvds-panel".   #define LVDS_TOUCH_I2C_BUS 0 #define LVDS_TOUCH_I2C_ADDR 0x2A static void detect_display_connected(void) { struct udevice *bus = NULL; struct udevice *i2c_dev = NULL; int ret; ret = uclass_get_device_by_seq(UCLASS_I2C, LVDS_TOUCH_I2C_BUS, &bus); if (ret) { printf("%s: Can't find bus\n", __func__); } else { ret = dm_i2c_probe(bus, LVDS_TOUCH_I2C_ADDR, 0, &i2c_dev); if (ret) { printf("%s: Can't find device id=0x%x\n", __func__, LVDS_TOUCH_I2C_ADDR); } else { env_set("device-tree-overlay", "lvds-panel"); } } }   imx93_evk.c At the end, add this function to the previously mention, named as board_late_init, in the section CONFIG_ENV_VARS_UBOOT_RUNTIME_CONFIG, like the following snipped from code:   int board_late_init(void) { #ifdef CONFIG_ENV_IS_IN_MMC board_late_mmc_env_init(); #endif env_set("sec_boot", "no"); #ifdef CONFIG_AHAB_BOOT env_set("sec_boot", "yes"); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_ENV_VARS_UBOOT_RUNTIME_CONFIG env_set("board_name", "11X11_EVK"); env_set("board_rev", "iMX93"); detect_display_connected(); #endif return 0; }   imx93_evk.c Now, when it's starting u-boot after flashing, it will generate the environment variable as trigger if something it's connected with that i2c address, else it doesn't do anything. u-boot applying device tree overlay through event   As was explained in the section "How to apply device tree overlay", applying the device tree overlay automatically after configure the trigger it's easy, just adding an if/else case for this example, it can be more ways to applying it, even it's possible adding more of one device tree overlay, but in this example will load one.  Using u-boot command "test -e <environment variable>" it will detect if exist this environment variable, adding it to an if/else sentence it can create the event and applying the overlay if was detected or not, for this solution will be added this if/else as input if exists loadoverlay variable with the following structure:   u-boot=> if test -e ${device-tree-overlay}; then <case exists device-tree-overlay variable> else <case doesn't exists device-tree-overlay variable>; fi;   adding it to loadoverlay, it will be written like the following command:   u-boot=> setenv loadoverlay "if test -e ${device-tree-overlay}; then setexpr fdtovaddr ${fdt_addr} + 0xF0000; setexpr fdt_buffer 16384; fdt addr ${fdt_addr} && fdt resize $\{fdt_buffer\}; fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} $\{fdtovaddr\} imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo; fdt apply $\{fdtovaddr\} ; else echo no overlay; fi;"   A no recommended method it's that it can be saved the environment, and changing mmcboot variable with the following command:   u-boot=> setenv mmcboot "run mmcargs; run loadfdt; run loadoverlay; run boot_os;"; saveenv;   The problem about just saving it, it still necessary compile u-boot to load auto-detection of LVDS panel and flashing, another way to add the event trigger, it's adding it to u-boot as initial environment variable, it can be added in the header file of imx93, it is located in the next path <u-boot path>/include/configs/imx93_evk.h, line number 60, it can be added with the same string but it's recommended follow the same structure, like the following definition:   /* Initial environment variables */ #define CFG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \ ... "loadoverlay=echo loading overlays from mmc ...; " \ "if test -e ${device-tree-overlay}; then " \ "setexpr fdtovaddr ${fdt_addr} + 0xF0000; " \ "setexpr fdt_buffer 16384; " \ "fdt addr ${fdt_addr} && fdt resize ${fdt_buffer}; " \ "fatload mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdtovaddr} imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo && fdt apply ${fdtovaddr}; " \ "else " \ "echo no overlay; " \ "fi;\0" \ ...   imx93_evk.h it also it's necessary to change mmcboot environment variable adding loadoverlay after executing loadfdt.    /* Initial environment variables */ #define CFG_EXTRA_ENV_SETTINGS \ .. "mmcboot=echo Booting from mmc ...; " \ "run mmcargs; " \ "if test ${sec_boot} = yes; then " \ "if run auth_os; then " \ "run run boot_os; " \ "else " \ "echo ERR: failed to authenticate; " \ "fi; " \ "else " \ "if test ${boot_fit} = yes || test ${boot_fit} = try; then " \ "bootm ${loadaddr}; " \ "else " \ "if run loadfdt; then " \ "run loadoverlay; " \ "run boot_os; " \ "else " \ "echo WARN: Cannot load the DT; " \ "fi; " \ "fi;" \ "fi;\0" \ ...   imx93_evk.h To build u-boot, copy the following commands in main path from u-boot   $ cd <u-boot path> $ make -j $(nproc --all) clean PLAT=imx93 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make -j $(nproc --all) ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- imx93_11x11_evk_defconfig $ make -j $(nproc --all) PLAT=imx93 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-   generating the files u-boot.bin and u-boot-spl.bin located in <uboot-imx path>/ and <uboot-imx path>/spl Build imx-boot image using imx-mkimage   To build the binary necessary to flash to iMX 93 EVK it's necessary build a file named as flash.bin, it can building using the next repository using the branch used for this example:    $ git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-mkimage.git -b lf-6.6.3_1.0.0   to build imx-boot image it's necessary adding some files to the path <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93, including 2 generated by u-boot, u-boot.bin and u-boot-spl.bin, move these files to iMX93 directory.   $ cp <uboot-imx path>/u-boot.bin <uboot-imx path>/spl/u-boot-spl.bin <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93/   follow the steps from imx linux users guide section 4.5.13 and imx linux release notes section 1.2 to build flash.bin, as an example of compile, there's the steps to compile for imx93. Get mx93a1-ahab-container.img $ wget https://www.nxp.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/firmware-sentinel-0.11.bin $ chmod +x firmware-sentinel-0.11.bin $ ./firmware-sentinel-0.11.bin $ cp firmware-sentinel-0.11/mx93a1-ahab-container.img <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93/​ Get lpddr4_imem_1d_v202201.bin, lpddr4_dmem_2d_v202201.bin, lpddr4_imem_1d_v202201.bin and lpddr4_imem_2d_v202201.bin $ wget https://www.nxp.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/firmware-imx-8.23.bin $ chmod +x firmware-imx-8.23.bin $ ./firmware-imx-8.23.bin $ cp firmware-imx-8.23/firmware/ddr/synopsys/lpddr4_dmem_1d_v202201.bin firmware-imx-8.23/firmware/ddr/synopsys/lpddr4_dmem_2d_v202201.bin firmware-imx-8.23/firmware/ddr/synopsys/lpddr4_imem_1d_v202201.bin firmware-imx-8.23/firmware/ddr/synopsys/lpddr4_imem_2d_v202201.bin <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93/​ Get bl31.bin $ git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-atf.git -b lf-6.6.3-1.0.0 $ cd imx-atf $ make -j $(nproc --all) PLAT=imx93 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ cp <imx-atf path>/build/imx93/release/bl31.bin <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93​ Compile flash.bin from imx-mkimage $ cd <imx-mkimage path>/ $ make SOC=iMX9 REV=A1 flash_singleboot​ it will generate the binary flash.bin located in the path <imx-mkimage path>/iMX93/flash.bin. Flashing u-boot   Flashing just u-boot image using flash.bin, will be used uuu.exe, it can be downloaded from the his repositroy, try using the most recent version taged as "Latest"    https://github.com/nxp-imx/mfgtools/releases   make sure is using i.MX 93 EVK in boot mode download and connect it to your host from download USB port, using uuu.exe run the next code:   .\uuu.exe -b emmc .\flash.bin   or it can be flashed the full image with flash.bin binary.   .\uuu.exe -b emmc_all .\flash.bin ..\uuu\imx-image-full-imx93evk.wic   after that, starting be will using the created u-boot environment. Result   Inside u-boot, when it's connected the LVDS panel, it will create the variable named "device-tree-overlay" and will be charged automatically LVDS panel overlay, enabling it, if not it will working normally using DSI as output. Note: Ensure to have imx93-11x11-evk-test-lvds-panel.dtbo in memory. Reference   Device tree overlay: https://docs.kernel.org/devicetree/overlay-notes.html  
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BSP: L6.1.36 Some customer need use adb under usb ffs. The adb in Yocto can greatly improves development efficiency. This is a demo for enabling adb on Yocto.   Yocto local.conf IMAGE_INSTALL:append = "android-tools android-tools-adbd" PREFERRED_PROVIDER_android-tools-conf = "android-tools-conf-configfs"   Test script for launching adbd modprobe g_ffs idVendor=0x1fc9 idProduct=0x0146 iSerialNumber="ZhimingLiu" mkdir -p /dev/usb-ffs/adb mount -t functionfs adb /dev/usb-ffs/adb -o uid=2000,gid=2000 adbd &   Test on Windows: PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\platform-tools> .\adb.exe devices List of devices attached ZhimingLiu device PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\platform-tools> .\adb.exe shell sh-5.2# uname -a Linux imx8mp-lpddr4-evk 6.1.36+g04b05c5527e9 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri Nov 24 04:46:22 UTC 2023 aarch64 GNU/Linux sh-5.2# ls config ffs t.sh test2.sh sh-5.2# cd / sh-5.2# ls bin dev home lost+found mnt proc run srv tmp usr boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys unit_tests var sh-5.2#
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Usually, device tree source files are not a signal pure dts file. It could include dtsi, dts or C code heads .h files. Need C compiler finish the pre-compile to a pure dts file first. It is integrated inside the like Linux build system(Makefile, etc.). This document shows the original way to compile device tree. This document will show compile device tree under windows.    
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This demo for all(bootloader, device tree, Linux kernel, rootfs) in spi. It uses raw read(sf read)/raw write(sf write in uuu script) to achieve that. sf probe 0; sf read ${fdt_addr} 0x500000 0x100000; sf read ${loadaddr} 0x600000 0x1E00000; sf read ${initrd_addr} 0x2400000 0x600000; setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} earlycon=${earlycon},${baudrate} rdinit=/linuxrc; booti ${loadaddr} ${initrd_addr} ${fdt_addr} |-- 0001-all-in-spi-demo-lf-5.10.72-2.2.0.patch --- patch for this demo |-- demo_binary | |-- flash.b0.bin --- b0 bootloader | |-- flash.bin --- c0 bootloader | |-- Image-imx8qxpc0mek.bin --- Linux kernel | |-- imx8qxp-mek.dtb --- device tree | |-- uramdisk_boot.rootfs.aarch64.img --- ram disk | |-- uuu.qspi.all.b0.uuu --- uuu script for b0 | `-- uuu.qspi.all.uuu --- uuu script for c0 `-- readme.txt --- this file # The spi layout used is: # - --------- -------------------------------------------- # | | flash.bin | env | dtb | Image |rootfs| # - --------------- -------------------------------------- # ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ # | | | | | | | # 0 4kiB 4MiB 5MiB 6MiB 36MiB 42MiB 0x1000 0x400000 0x500000 0x600000 0x2400000 Test: HW: i.MX8QXP MEK SW: lf-5.10.72-2.2.0 + 0001-all-in-spi-demo-lf-5.10.72-2.2.0.patch Test log: SF: Detected mt35xu512aba with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 128 KiB, total 64 MiB device 0 offset 0x500000, size 0x100000 SF: 1048576 bytes @ 0x500000 Read: OK device 0 offset 0x600000, size 0x1e00000 SF: 31457280 bytes @ 0x600000 Read: OK device 0 offset 0x2400000, size 0x600000 SF: 6291456 bytes @ 0x2400000 Read: OK [ 4.787552] imx6q-pcie 5f010000.pcie: unable to add pcie port. [ 4.797467] Freeing unused kernel memory: 2944K [ 4.807379] Run /linuxrc as init process Starting syslogd: OK Starting klogd: OK Running sysctl: OK Starting network: OK /bin/sh: can't access tty; job control turned off / #  
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  1) Remove all "network" parameter from .../ltib-dir/rootfs/rc.d/rc.conf 2) Add the path of rootfs in the /etc/exports file: /home/user/ltib"dir/rootfs/rootfs *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)   then execute :- #exportfs -ra 3) Execute NFS server /etc/init.d/nfs restart  
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An i.MX50 customer encountered such kernel bug recently. Android UI has no response, because the suspend work queue is blocked:     suspend       pm_suspend         enter_state           suspend_prepare / suspend_finish             pm_prepare_console / pm_restore_console               vt_move_to_console                 vt_waitactive                   vt_event_wait                     wait_event_interruptible Confimed the same bug can also happen on imx6SL which is running linux 3.0.35. e.g. by echo standby/mem > /sys/power/state It takes over thousand suspend/resume cycles to reproduce the problem. The bug fix has been merged since linux 3.6: commit a7b12929be6cc55eab2dac3330fa9f5984e12dda
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