View Webinar Recording

On LS2085 platform, the basic networking product performs autonomous IP forwarding and IPSEC on the AIOP, data path functions run mostly independent of the GPP software and only involve GPP when necessary. NADK(Network Acceleration Development Kit) is a complete user space development kit for networking applications. This IPSEC application is implemented in Linux user space using NADK framework, this application learns the Linux configuration through the netlink event notification and sends the configuration to AIOP DP using the respective NF APIs. The application invokes NF APIs to send configuration details to IPsec data path on the AIOP. 1. Overview and Architecture of the AIOP-NADK Based IPSEC Application 2. NADK Based GPP Listener Program Design 2.1 NADK APIs Introduction Used in the Application 2.2 Packet Processing in Multiple Threads Mode NADK Application 2.3 IPSEC XFRM Events monitored by the Listener 3. IPSEC Application communicates with AIOP through NF APIs 3.1 IPSEC provided features implemented at AIOP 3.2 IPSEC NF APIs Used to Configure AIOP 3.3 The process of add SPD policy in the IPSEC Application 4. Setup Networking Environment to Verify the IPSEC application

EdgeScale solution provides a secure mechanism for developers to leverage cloud-computing frameworks for their applications, it helps users easily connect IoT things, manage devices and deploy container based applications. Please refer to the following Layerscape products in the cloud computing system. The user could access cloud service from https://portal.edgescale.org. EdgeScale client is a set of software agents running on device side which connects to the cloud services. This document introduces EdgeScale supported major features as registering user account, secure device enrolment, provisioning/connecting the EdgeSacle end devices, generate EdgeScale client images in LSDK, OTA firmware update (LS1043 or LS1046), running EdgeScale demo applications and dynamic deployment of container-based applications.

In the U-Boot log, the names of the Ethernet interfaces are printed in the format <name>@<interface type>, for example, DPMAC2@xgmii. DPMAC is a DPAA2 object that identifies the physical interface.  For Linux, in TinyDistro as well as in Ubuntu distribution, by default, only one MAC is enabled as a standard Kernel Ethernet Interface. This interface is named eth0 by default (or eth1 if PCI Express network interface card is discovered first). For details regarding creation of a DPAA2 network interface (DPNI) in Linux, see "LSDK Quick Start Guide for LS2088ARDB -> Bringing up DPAA2 network interfaces" in Layerscape Software Development Kit User Guide. The table below shows the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux for LS2088ARDB.  In Linux, the mapping of Ethernet port names is not strict. The port names are mapped based on the order in which the Ethernet interfaces are created. As an example, consider a DPL file which defines only one DPMAC object, DPMAC3. When Linux starts, if a net device is created using DPMAC3, it will be labeled eth1 (assuming PCIe interface is eth0). Port name on chassis Port name in U-Boot Port name in Linux (tinyDistro and Ubuntu userland) Description ETH0  DPMAC5@xgmii eth0 by default (or eth1 if PCI Express network interface card is discovered first) XFI copper interface ETH1 DPMAC6@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH2 DPMAC7@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH3 DPMAC8@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH4 DPMAC1@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH5 DPMAC2@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH6 DPMAC3@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH7 DPMAC4@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface

Trusted Firmware for Cortex-A (TF-A) is an implementation of EL3 secure firmware. TF-A replaces PPA in secure firmware role. Please note the steps listed in this topic can only be performed with LSDK 18.12 and newer releases.                                                       To migrate to the TF-A boot flow from the previous boot flow (with PPA), you need to compile the TF-A binaries, bl2_<boot_mode>.pbl and fip.bin, and flash these binaries on the specific boot medium on the board. For SD boot, you need to compile the following TF-A binaries. TF-A binary name Components bl2_sd.pbl BL2 binary: Platform initialization binary RCW binary for SD boot  fip.bin BL31: Secure runtime firmware BL32: Trusted OS, for example, OPTEE (optional) BL33: U-Boot/UEFI image Follow these steps to compile and deploy TF-A  binaries (bl2_sd.pbl and fip.bin) on the SD card. Compile PBL binary from RCW source file Compile U-Boot binary [Optional] Compile OPTEE binary  Compile TF-A binaries (bl2_sd.pbl and fip.bin) for SD boot Program TF-A binaries to the SD card Step 1: Compile PBL binary from RCW source file You need to compile the rcw_1600_sdboot.bin binary to build the bl2_sd.pbl binary. Clone the  rcw repository and compile the PBL binary.  $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/rcw $ cd rcw $ git checkout -b <new branch name> <LSDK tag>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.03 LSDK-19.03  $ cd ls1043ardb If required, make changes to the rcw files. $ make   The compiled PBL binary for SD boot on LS1043ARDB, rcw_1600_sdboot.bin, is available at rcw/ls1043ardb/RR_FQPP_1455/.   See the rcw/ls1043ardb/README file for an explanation of the naming convention for the directories that contain the RCW source and binary files. Step 2: Compile U-Boot binary You need to compile the u-boot.bin binary to build the fip.bin binary. Clone the u-boot repository and compile the U-Boot binary for TF-A. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/u-boot.git $ cd u-boot $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.03 LSDK-19.03  $ export ARCH=arm64 $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make distclean $ make ls1043ardb_tfa_defconfig $ make If the make command shows the error "*** Your GCC is older than 6.0 and is not supported", ensure that you are using Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit version for building the LSDK 18.12 U-Boot binary.                                                       The compiled U-Boot binary, u-boot.bin, is available at u-boot/. Step 3: [Optional] Compile OPTEE binary  You need to compile the tee.bin binary to build fip.bin with OPTEE. However, OPTEE is optional, you can skip the procedure to compile OPTEE if you want to build the FIP binary without OPTEE. Clone the optee_os repository and build the OPTEE binary.  $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/optee_os $ cd optee_os $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.03 LSDK-19.03 $ export ARCH=arm $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make CFG_ARM64_core=y PLATFORM=ls-ls1043ardb $ aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy -v -O binary out/arm-plat-ls/core/tee.elf out/arm-plat-ls/core/tee.bin The compiled OPTEE image, tee.bin, is available at optee_os/out/arm-plat-ls/core/. Step 4: Compile TF-A binaries for SD boot Clone the atf repository and compile the TF-A binaries, bl2_sd.pbl and fip.bin. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/atf $ cd atf $  git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.03 LSDK-19.03 $ export ARCH=arm64 $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- Build BL2 binary with OPTEE. $ make PLAT=ls1043ardb bl2 SPD=opteed BOOT_MODE=sd BL32=<path_to_optee_binary>/tee.bin pbl RCW=<path_to_rcw_binary>/rcw_1600_sdboot.bin The compiled BL2 images, bl2.bin and bl2_sd.pbl are available at atf/build/ls1043ardb/release/. For any update in the BL2 source code or RCW binary, the bl2_sd.pbl binary needs to be recompiled. To compile the BL2 binary without OPTEE: $ make PLAT=ls1043ardb bl2 BOOT_MODE=sd pbl RCW=<path_to_rcw_binary>/rcw_1600_sdboot.bin                  Build FIP binary with OPTEE and without trusted board boot. $ make PLAT=ls1043ardb fip BL33=<path_to_u-boot_binary>/u-boot.bin SPD=opteed BL32=<path_to_optee_binary>/tee.bin The compiled BL31 and FIP binaries, bl31.bin, fip.bin, are available at atf/build/ls1043ardb/release/. For any update in the BL31, BL32, or BL33 binaries, the fip.bin binary needs to be recompiled. To compile the FIP binary without OPTEE and without trusted board boot: $ make PLAT=ls1043ardb fip BOOT_MODE=sd BL33=<path_to_u-boot_binary>/u-boot.bin To compile the FIP binary with trusted board boot, refer the read me at <atf repository>/plat/nxp/README.TRUSTED_BOOT                               Step 5: Program TF-A binaries to SD card Boot LS1043ARDB from NOR flash. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from NOR bank 0. For booting from NOR bank 0, switch settings are as follows: SW3[1:8] = 10110011 SW4[1:8] = 00010010 SW5[1:8] = 10100010 Boot from NOR bank 0: => cpld reset For LS1043ARDB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS1043ARDB, boot from vBank 0   Set up Ethernet connection When board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. FM1@DTSEC1, FM1@DTSEC2, FM1@DTSEC3 [PRIME], FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5 Set server IP address to the IP address of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1> Set ethact and ethprime as the Ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS1043ARDB Ethernet and FMC port mapping for the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux.                                                   => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime FM1@DTSEC4 => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact FM1@DTSEC4 Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command.  Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using FM1@DTSEC4 device host 192.168.1.1 is alive   Load TF-A binaries from the TFTP server For details about the flash image layout for TF-A binaries, refer LSDK memory layout for TF-A boot flow.                               Flash bl2_sd.pbl: => tftp 82000000 bl2_sd.pbl => mmc write 82000000 8 <blk_cnt> Here, blk_cnt refers to number of blocks in SD card that need to be written as per the file size. For example, when you load bl2_sd.pbl from the TFTP server, if the bytes transferred is 82809 (14379 hex), then blk_cnt is calculated as "82809/512 = 161 (A1 hex)" + "few sectors for rounding up so that last block is not missed". So, if you round up by 10 (A hex) sectors, for this example, mmc write command will be: => mmc write 82000000 8 AB Flash fip.bin: => tftp 82000000 fip.bin => mmc write 82000000 800 <blk_cnt> Here, blk_cnt refers to number of blocks in SD card that need to be written as per the file size. For example, when you load fip.bin from the TFTP server, if the bytes transferred is 1077157 (106fa5 hex), then blk_cnt is calculated as "1077157/512 = 2103 (837 hex)" + "few sectors for rounding up so that last block is not missed". So, if you round up by 10 (A hex) sectors, for this example, mmc write command will be: => mmc write 82000000 800 841 Boot from SD card: => cpld reset sd LS1043ARDB will boot with TF-A. In the boot log, you will see: NOTICE: Fixed DDR on board NOTICE: 2 GB DDR4, 32-bit, CL=11, ECC off NOTICE: BL2: v1.5(release):LSDK-19.03 NOTICE: BL2: Built : 14:59:48, May 28 2019 NOTICE: BL31: v1.5(release):LSDK-19.03 NOTICE: BL31: Built : 15:07:21, May 28 2019 NOTICE: Welcome to LS1043 BL31 Phase U-Boot 2018.09 (May 23 2019 - 14:35:16 +0530) SoC: LS1043AE Rev1.1 (0x87920011) Clock Configuration: CPU0(A53):1600 MHz CPU1(A53):1600 MHz CPU2(A53):1600 MHz CPU3(A53):1600 MHz Bus: 400 MHz DDR: 1600 MT/s FMAN: 500 MHz Reset Configuration Word (RCW): 00000000: 08100010 0a000000 00000000 00000000 00000010: 14550002 80004012 60040000 c1002000 00000020: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00038800 00000030: 00000000 00001100 00000096 00000001 Model: LS1043A RDB Board Board: LS1043ARDB, boot from SD

Getting RCW image: Getting UEFI image:                              Getting PPA image: Getting Linux kernel and DTB, and Root FS images: - Download Image , fsl-ls1043a-uefi-rdb.dtb and fsl-image-core-ls1043ardb.ext2.gz . - Copy Image and fsl-image-core-ls1043ardb.ext2.gz to the TFTP server directory. Getting GRUB2 image for AARCH64 and sample GRUB configuration: - Download grub image from this location. - Download sample grub configuration from here . Placing GRUB image on FAT formatted SD card: Install FAT32 file system on SD card - Use the DISKPART utililty on windows command prompt to format a SD card with FAT32 file system. Use the following snapshot for reference - Copy grubaa64.efi and ls1043a-grub.cfg to the SD card. Booting to UEFI prompt on LS1043a RDB Board: Boot to u-boot prompt from NOR flash bank 0 on LS1043a RDB.  Setup serial port connection on host machine, to capture logs from the target LS1043a RDB board.. Reset the board to boot u-boot on bank 0, assuming that there is a valid u-boot image flashed on the primary bank 0. Copy Images to NOR flash alternate bank using u-boot commands sete uefi 'tftp 80000000 LS1043ARDB_EFI.fd; erase 0x64400000 0x644FFFFF ; cp.b 80000000 0x64400000 $filesize' sete rcw 'tftp 80000000 rcw_uefi_1500.bin; erase 0x64000000 0x640FFFFF ; cp.b 80000000 0x64000000 $filesize' sete ppa 'tftp 80000000 ppa.itb; erase 0x64500000 0x645FFFFF ; cp.b 80000000 0x64500000 $filesize' sete dtb 'tftp 80000000 fsl-ls1043a-uefi-rdb.dtb; erase 0x65B00000 0x65BFFFFF; cp.b 80000000 65B00000 $filesize' run uefi run ppa run rcw run dtb Note: The host machine is assumed to be having tftp server running, with the relevant files in place. The rcw, uefi, dtb and ppa images can also be found at compass link shared above. Note: Make sure SD card is inserted into the SD card slot on the board. Reset RDB to boot from NOR flash bank 4 => cpld reset altbank You should get UEFI boot prompt, as shown in the image below. Enter 2 to load Shell. On the Shell prompt run the following commands Shell> FS0:   Shell> ls You should see a list of the grub executable and configurations files present on SD card. Booting Linux via PXE on LS1043a RDB: Note: atftpd or tftpd-hpa, is required as tftp server for PXE boot to work. tftpd is not supported.  Load grub by entering the name of the grub executable. Shell> grubaa64.efi On the grub prompt, setup the server and client IPs for TFTP transfer. grub> set net_default_server=<server_ip> grub> net_add_addr eno0 efinet0 <client_ip> Load the grub configuration. grub> configfile (hd3,msdos1)/ls1043a-grub.cfg Grub menu is listed. Choose the entry for liinux boot. See the snapshot below for reference. Linux boot should start in around 7-8 minutes. Data transfer speed is around 100 KB/s.

Recently some customers are porting SDK 2.0 u-boot for LS1021ATWR to their custom boards. They intended to use GPIO lines to turn on/off LEDs for diagnostics and other various purposes. However GPIO driver is not supported in SDK 2.0 u-boot for LS102xa platform. The attached patch is used to add GPIO driver on LS1021ATWR platform based on SDK 2.0 u-boot code. Please use it in SDK 2.0 as the following: $ source ./fsl-setup-env -m ls1021atwr $ bitbake u-boot -c cleansstate $ bitbake u-boot -c patch Go to the folder build_ls1021atwr/tmp/work/ls1021atwr-fsl-linux-gnueabi/u-boot-qoriq/2016.01+fslgit-r0/git, apply the attached patch $ patch -p1<0001-ls1021xa-gpio.patch Go back to build_ls1021atwr folder to rebuild u-boot $ bitbake u-boot

This how-to topic is applicable for only LSDK 18.09 and older releases. Follow these steps to update the U-Boot binary in QSPI NOR flash.  Prerequisites  Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit should be installed on the Linux host machine for building LSDK 18.06 or LSDK 18.09 U-Boot binary. cpld reset boots the board from QSPI NOR flash0 and cpld reset altbank boots the board from QSPI NOR flash1. sf probe 0:1 means that the alternate bank will be written to. So, if the board boots from QSPI NOR flash0 and sf probe 0:1 is entered at the U-Boot prompt, the commands that follow will program QSPI NOR flash1.   Compiling U-Boot binary Clone the u-boot repository. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/u-boot.git $ cd u-boot $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.09 LSDK-18.09  $ export ARCH=arm64 $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make distclean $ make ls1046ardb_qspi_defconfig If required, make changes to the U-Boot files. $ make If the make command shows the error "*** Your GCC is older than 6.0 and is not supported", ensure that you are using Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit version for building LSDK 18.06 or LSDK 18.09 U-Boot binary.  The compiled U-Boot image, u-boot.bin, is available in the directory u-boot/. Flashing U-Boot binary to QSPI NOR flash U-Boot image can be loaded to LS1046ARDB from a TFTP server or from a mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA). Option 1: Load image from the TFTP server Boot LS1046ARDB from QSPI. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI, SW5[1:8] = 00100010 Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => cpld reset In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 0 Set up Ethernet connection When the board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. FM1@DTSEC3 [PRIME], FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5, FM1@DTSEC6, FM1@TGEC1, FM1@TGEC2 Set server IP to the IP of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1> Set ethact and ethprime as the Ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS1046ARDB Ethernet port mapping for the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux. => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime FM1@DTSEC4 => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact FM1@DTSEC4 Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command. Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using FM1@DTSEC4 device host 192.168.1.1 is alive Load U-Boot image from the TFTP server Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Flash U-Boot image: => tftp 0xa0000000 u-boot.bin => print filesize filesize=ae84a Program U-Boot image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x100000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize Address 0x100000 is the location of U-Boot in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for boot flow with PPA – LSDK 18.09 and older releases for the complete flash memory layout. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1: => cpld reset altbank In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 4 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash. Option 2: Load image from partition on mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA) Boot LS1046ARDB from QSPI NOR flash. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI, SW5[1:8] = 00100010 Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => cpld reset In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 0 Select mass storage device to use. => mmc rescan => mmc info Or => usb start => usb info Or => scsi scan => scsi info Optional – List files on storage device => ls mmc <device:partition> For example: => ls mmc 0:3 System Volume Information/ 714826 u-boot.bin 1 file(s), 1 dir(s) Or => ls usb <device:partition> For example: => ls usb 0:1 Or => ls scsi <device:partition> For example: => ls scsi 0:2 If the ls command fails to run, check that U-Boot in QSPI NOR flash0 supports the command by typing ls at the U-Boot prompt: => ls ls - Lists files in a directory (default) Usage: ls <interface> [<dev[:part]> [directory]] - Lists files in directory [directory] of partition [part] on device type [interface] and instance [dev]. If U-Boot does not support this command, then update the composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash0. For steps to update composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash, see LS1046ARDB - How to update composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash. Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Load U-Boot image from the storage device. => load mmc <device:partition> a0000000 <image name> => print filesize For example: => load mmc 0:3 a0000000 u-boot.bin 714826 bytes read in 52 ms (13.1 MiB/s) => print filesize filesize=ae84a Or => load usb <device:partition> a0000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi <device:partition> a0000000 <image name> => print filesize Program U-Boot image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x100000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize Address 0x100000 is the location of U-Boot in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for boot flow with PPA – LSDK 18.09 and older releases for the complete flash memory layout. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1: => cpld reset altbank In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 4 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash.

The Layerscape LS1028A industrial applications processor includes a TSN-enabled Ethernet switch and Ethernet controllers to support converged IT and OT networks. Two powerful 64-bit ARM v8 cores support real-time processing for industrial control, as well as virtual machines for edge computing in the IoT. The integrated GPU and LCD controller enable Human Machine Interface (HMI) systems with next-generation interfaces. Integrated Trust Architecture with crytographic offload provide a trusted platform with encrypted communications for secure applications and services. Product Page Reference Design KEY ELEMENTS Dual 64-bit ARM v8 processors for real-time processing Full virtualization support for IoT edge computing TSN-enabled switch for industrial TSN bridge applications TSN-enabled Ethernet controllers for TSN endpoint applications Support Human Machine Interface applications with integrated GPU and LCD controller Trust architecture provides root of trust as a basis for trusted applications and services The LS1028A will be a part of the NXP 15-year product longevity program TARGET APPLICATIONS Factory Automation Process Automation Programmable Logic Controller Motion Controller Industrial IoT gateway Human Machine Interface (HMI)

This how-to topic is applicable only for LSDK 18.09 and older releases.  For LSDK 18.12 and newer releases, refer LS1088ARDB-PB - How to deploy TF-A binaries in QSPI NOR flash. Follow these steps to update the PBL/RCW binary in QSPI NOR flash.  qixis_reset boots the board from QSPI NOR flash0 and qixis_reset altbank boots the board from QSPI NOR flash1. sf probe 0:1 means that the alternate bank will be written to. So, if the board boots from QSPI NOR flash0 and sf probe 0:1 is entered at the U-Boot prompt, the commands that follow will program QSPI NOR flash1.   Compiling PBL binary from RCW source file (optional) If user already has a PBL binary, this step can be skipped.   Clone the rcw repository and compile the PBL binary.  $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/rcw $ cd rcw $ git checkout -b <new branch name> <LSDK tag>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.09 LSDK-18.09  $ cd ls1088ardb If required, make changes to the rcw files. $ make The default PBL binary for QSPI NOR flash on LS1088ARDB/LS1088ARDB-PB, rcw_1600_qspi.bin, is available at rcw/ls1088ardb/FCQQQQQQQQ_PPP_H_0x1d_0x0d/. See the rcw/ls1088ardb/README file for an explanation of the naming convention for the directories that contain the RCW source and binary files. Flashing PBL binary to QSPI NOR flash Boot LS1088ARDB/LS1088ARDB-PB from QSPI. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI, SW1[1:8] + SW2[1] = 0011_0001_X Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => qixis_reset For example: For LS1088ARDB, in boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1088A-RDB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: C, boot from QSPI:0 For LS1088ARDB-PB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS1088ARDB-PB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: A, boot from QSPI:0 PBL binary can be loaded to LS1088ARDB/LS1088ARDB-PB from a TFTP server or from a mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA). Option 1: Load image from a TFTP server Set up Ethernet connection When board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. DPMAC1@xgmii, DPMAC2@xgmii, DPMAC3@qsgmii, DPMAC4@qsgmii, DPMAC5@qsgmii, DPMAC6@qsgmii, DPMAC7@qsgmii, DPMAC8@qsgmii, DPMAC9@qsgmii, DPMAC10@qsgmii Set server IP address to the IP address of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1> Set ethact and ethprime as the Ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS1088ARDB/LS1088RDB-PB Ethernet port mapping for the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux. => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime DPMAC3@qsgmii => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact DPMAC3@qsgmii Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command. Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using DPMAC3@qsgmii device host 192.168.1.1 is alive Load PBL binary from the TFTP server Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 TFTP PBL binary from the server to the DDR and write image to QSPI NOR flash1: => tftp 0xa0000000 <pbl binary> => print filesize filesize=b4 => sf erase 0x0 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x0 $filesize  Address 0x0 is the location of PBL in QSPI NOR flash.  For the complete flash memory layout for the PPA boot flow, refer Flash layout for old boot flow with PPA. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1: => qixis_reset altbank For LS1088ARDB, in boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1088A-RDB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: C, boot from QSPI:1 For LS1088ARDB-PB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS1088ARDB-PB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: A, boot from QSPI:1 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash. Option 2: Load image from partition on mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA) Select mass storage device to use. => mmc rescan => mmc info Or => usb start => usb info Or => scsi scan => scsi info Optional – List files on the storage device. => ls mmc <device:partition> For example: => ls mmc 0:2 Or => ls usb <device:partition> For example: => ls usb 0:1 Or => ls scsi <device:partition> For example: => ls scsi 0:2 Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Load PBL image from the storage device. => load mmc 0:2 a0000000 <image name> => print filesize For example: => load mmc 0:2 a0000000 rcw_1600_qspi.bin => print filesize filesize=b4 Or => load usb 0:2 a0000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi 0:2 a0000000 <image name> => print filesize Program image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x0 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x0 $filesize Address 0x0 is the location of PBL binary in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for old boot flow with PPA for the complete flash memory layout for the PPA boot flow. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1: => qixis_reset altbank For LS1088ARDB, in boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1088A-RDB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: C, boot from QSPI:1 For LS1088ARDB-PB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS1088ARDB-PB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: A, boot from QSPI:1 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash.

This how-to topic is applicable only to LSDK 18.09 and older releases. For LSDK 18.12 and newer releases, refer Deploying TF-A binaries in Layerscape Software Development Kit <version> Documentation. Follow these steps to update U-Boot binary on the SD card.  Prerequisites  Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit should be installed on the Linux host machine for building LSDK 18.06 or LSDK 18.09 U-Boot binary.   Compiling U-Boot binary Clone the u-boot repository. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/u-boot.git $ cd u-boot $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.09 LSDK-18.09  $ export ARCH=arm64 $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make distclean $ make ls1046ardb_sdcard_defconfig If required, make changes to the U-Boot files. $ make If the make command shows the error "*** Your GCC is older than 6.0 and is not supported", ensure that you are using Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit version for building LSDK 18.06 or LSDK 18.09 U-Boot binary.         The compiled U-Boot image, u-boot-with-spl-pbl.bin, is available at u-boot/. You need to use u-boot-with-spl-pbl.bin because for SD boot, ls104x devices use different way for bootloader from ls1088/ls2088/lx2160 devices. SD card start block number for U-Boot binary Image  SD card start block number U-Boot PBL binary 0x00008 = 8 Refer the Flash layout for boot flow with PPA – LSDK 18.09 and older releases for a complete listing of the SD card start block numbers for all LSDK firmware images. Programming U-Boot binary to SD card Plug the SD card into the Linux host. Run the following command on the Linux host: $ sudo dd if=u-boot-with-spl-pbl.bin of=/dev/sdX bs=512 seek=8 conv=fsync Use the command cat /proc/partitions to see a list of devices and their sizes to make sure that the correct device names have been chosen. The SDHC storage drive in the Linux PC is detected as /dev/ sdX, where X is a letter such as a, b, c. Make sure to choose the correct device name, because data on this device will be replaced. If your Linux host machine supports read/write SDHC card directly without an extra SDHC card reader device, the device name of SDHC card is typically mmcblk0.              Remove the SD card from the Linux host machine. Plug the SD card into LS1046ARDB and boot the board to Ubuntu using the SD card. You can boot the board using the SD card either by: setting the switches: SW3[1:8] = 01001110 and SW5 [1:8] = 00100000, or boot switching to SD card: => cpld reset sd In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from SD If U-Boot does not find LSDK on the SD card, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored on the SD card.

Follow these steps to update the DPAA2 MC firmware, DPC, and DPL images in QSPI NOR flash. In LS2088ARDB, Boot option switching between parallel NOR boot and QSPI NOR boot cannot be performed using commands. Boot option switching can be done by adjusting DIP switch settings and jumper settings on the Reference Design Board. For details, see Layerscape Software Development Kit User Guide. Obtaining MC firmware Clone the qoriq-mc-binary repository. $ git clone https://github.com/NXP/qoriq-mc-binary.git $ cd qoriq-mc-binary/ls2088a/ $ git checkout -b <new branch name> <LSDK tag>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.09 LSDK-19.09 The prebuilt MC firmware image, mc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb, is available at /qoriq-mc-binary/ls2088a/. Note that the name of the MC firmware image may vary depending on the release version used.  Obtaining DPC and DPL images Clone the mc-utils repository and compile the DPC and DPL images. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/mc-utils $ cd mc-utils $ git checkout -b <new branch name> <LSDK tag>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.09 LSDK-19.09 If required, make changes to the DPC and DPL files. $ make -C config/ The compiled dpc.0x2A_0x41.dtb and  dpl-eth.0x2A_0x41.dtb images are available at /mc-utils/config/ls2088a/RDB/. Note that the name of the DPC and DPL images may vary depending on the release version used.  Flashing MC firmware, DPC, and DPL images to QSPI NOR flash Boot LS2088ARDB from QSPI. Ensure that the switches and jumpers are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI: SW5[1:8] = 1111 1111 SW3[1:8] = 0011 0001 SW4[1:8] = 0011 1111 SW6[1:8] = 1111 1111 SW7[1:8] = 0100 1010 SW9[1:8] = 0100 0100 SW8[1:8] = 0111 1111 In addition to the above switch settings, make sure the following jumper settings are correct (for RDB Rev E and later).  J8 = 1-2 for QSPI boot, via onboard QSPI flash J8 = 2-3 for QSPI boot, via QSPI emulator J14 = 2-3, for QSPI boot For LS2088ARDB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS2088AE Rev1.1-RDB, Board Arch: V0, Board version: A, boot from vBank: 0 Option 1: Load image from the TFTP server Set up Ethernet connection When board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. DPMAC1@xgmii, DPMAC2@xgmii, DPMAC3@xgmii, DPMAC4@xgmii, DPMAC5@xgmii, DPMAC6@xgmii, DPMAC7@xgmii, DPMAC8@xgmii    Set server IP address to the IP address of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1>    Set ethact and ethprime as the Ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS2088ARDB Ethernet port mappingfor the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux. => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime DPMAC1@xgmii => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact DPMAC1@xgmii Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command.  Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using DPMAC1@xgmii device host 192.168.1.1 is alive Load images from a TFTP server Flash MC firmware to QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 => tftp 0xa0000000 mc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb => print filesize => sf erase 0x00A00000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x00A00000 $filesize Address 0x00A00000 is the location of MC firmware in QSPI NOR flash. Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Flash DPL image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 => tftp 0xa0000000 dpl-eth.0x2A_0x41.dtb => print filesize  => sf erase 0x00D00000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x00D00000 $filesize Address 0x00D00000 is the location of DPL image in alternate NOR bank. Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Flash DPC image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 => tftp 0xa0000000 dpc.0x2A_0x41.dtb => print filesize  => sf erase 0x00E00000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x00E00000 $filesize Address 0x00E00000 is the location of DPC image in alternate NOR bank. Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Reset from QSPI NOR flash: => reset Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash. Option 2: Load images from partition on mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA) Select mass storage device to use. => mmc rescan => mmc info Or => usb start => usb info Or => scsi scan => scsi info Optional – List files on the storage device => ls mmc <device:partition> For example: => ls mmc 0:2 Or => ls usb <device:partition> For example: => ls usb 0:1 Or => ls scsi <device:partition> For example: => ls scsi 0:2 If the ls command fails to run, check that U-Boot in QSPI NOR flash supports the command by typing ls at the U-Boot prompt: => ls ls - Lists files in a directory (default) Usage: ls <interface> [<dev[:part]> [directory]] - Lists files in directory [directory] of partition [part] on device type [interface] and instance [dev]. If U-Boot does not support this command, then update the composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash. For steps to update composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash, see Layerscape Software Development Kit User Guide . Use the following command if the SD card is formatted/created using LSDK flex-installer command: => load <interface> [<dev[:part]> [<addr> [<filename> [bytes [pos]]]]] For example: =>load mmc 0:2 $load_addrmc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb Use the following command if the SD card is formatted/created on a Windows PC: => fatload <interface> [<dev[:part]> [<addr> [<filename> [bytes [pos]]]]] For example: =>fatload mmc 0:2 $load_addrmc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb Use the following command if the SD card is formatted/created on a Linux PC: => ext2load <interface> [<dev[:part]> [<addr> [<filename> [bytes [pos]]]]] For example: =>ext2load mmc 0:2 $load_addrmc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb Also note that LSDK flex-installer command puts the images on the IInd partition, so 0:2 is used in the load command. If the SD card is formatted on Windows PC or Linux PC for single partition only, then 0 should be used instead of 0:2 in the fatload/ext2load command. Flash MC firmware: Program QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 Load MC firmware image from the storage device => load mmc 0:2 80000000 <mc firmware> For example: => load mmc 0:2 80000000 mc_10.18.0_ls2088a.itb => print filesize Or => load usb 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Program MC firmware image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x00A00000 +$filesize && sf write 0x80000000 0x00A00000 $filesize Address 0x00A00000 is the location of MC firmware in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Program QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 Load DPL image from the storage device => load mmc 0:2 80000000 <dpl image> For example: => load mmc 0:2 80000000 dpl-eth.0x2A_0x41.dtb => print filesize Or => load usb 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Program DPL image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x00D00000 +$filesize && sf write 0x80000000 0x00D00000 $filesize Address 0x00D00000 is the location of DPL image in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Flash DPL image: Flash DPC image: Program QSPI NOR flash: => sf probe 0:0 Load DPC image from the storage device => load mmc 0:2 80000000 <dpc image> For example: => load mmc 0:2 80000000 dpc.0x2A_0x41.dtb => print filesize Or => load usb 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi 0:2 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Program DPC image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x00E00000 +$filesize && sf write 0x80000000 0x00E00000 $filesize Address 0x00E00000 is the location of DPC image in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Reset and boot from QSPI NOR flash: => reset Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu. If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash.

Follow these steps to update the DPAA1 FMan ucode image in QSPI NOR flash.  cpld reset boots the board from QSPI NOR flash0 and cpld reset altbank boots the board from the QSPI NOR flash1. sf probe 0:1 means that the alternate bank will be written to. So, if the board boots from QSPI NOR flash0 and sf probe 0:1 is entered at the U-Boot prompt, the commands that follow will program QSPI NOR flash1.   Obtaining DPAA1 FMan ucode image Clone the qoriq-fm-ucode repository. $ git clone https://github.com/NXP/qoriq-fm-ucode.git $ cd qoriq-fm-ucode $ git checkout LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout LSDK-18.12 The prebuilt FMan ucode images, fsl_fman_ucode_ls1046_r1.0_<microcode version>.bin, are at qoriq-fm-ucode/. In the binary file, ls1046_r1.0 refers to the LS1046A silicon revision 1.0. See qoriq-fm-ucode/readme for a description of the ucode version numbers. Programming FMan ucode image to QSPI NOR flash FMan ucode image can be loaded to LS1046ARDB from a TFTP server or from a mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA). Option 1: Load image from the TFTP server Boot LS1046ARDB from QSPI NOR flash. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI, SW5[1:8] = 00100010 Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => cpld reset In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 0 Set up Ethernet connection When board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. FM1@DTSEC3 [PRIME], FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5, FM1@DTSEC6, FM1@TGEC1, FM1@TGEC2 Set server IP to the IP of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1> Set ethact and ethprime as the Ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS1046ARDB Ethernet port mapping for the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux. => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime FM1@DTSEC4 => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact FM1@DTSEC4 Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command. Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using FM1@DTSEC4 device host 192.168.1.1 is alive Load FMan ucode image from the TFTP server Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Flash the FMan ucode image: => tftp 0x80000000 <path to FMan ucode>/fsl_fman_ucode_ls1046_r1.0_<ucode version>.bin => print filesize filesize=7f5c Program the FMan ucode image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x900000 +$filesize && sf write 0x80000000 0x900000 $filesize Address  0x900000 is the location of the FMan ucode image in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1 and press Enter to stop the autoboot: => cpld reset altbank In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 4 You can check the following code line in the boot log to confirm that the DPAA1 FMan ucode image in QSPI NOR flash is updated. Fman1: Uploading microcode version 106.4.18 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu.  => cpld reset altbank Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS localhost ttyS0 localhost login: root Password: Last login: Sun Jan 28 16:05:12 UTC 2018 on ttyS0 Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.9.105 aarch64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash. Option 2: Load image from partition on mass storage device (SD, USB, or SATA) Boot LS1046ARDB from QSPI NOR flash. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI , SW5[1:8] = 00100010 Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => cpld reset In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 0 Select mass storage device to use. => mmc rescan => mmc info Or => usb start => usb info Or => scsi scan => scsi info Optional – List files on storage device => ls mmc <device:partition> For example: => ls mmc 0:3 System Volume Information/ 32604 fsl_fman_ucode_ls1046_r1.0_106_4_18.bin 1 file(s), 1 dir(s) Or => ls usb <device:partition> For example: => ls usb 0:1 Or => ls scsi <device:partition> For example: => ls scsi 0:2 If the ls command fails to run, check that U-Boot in QSPI NOR flash0 supports the command by typing ls at the U-Boot prompt: => ls ls - lists files in a directory (default) Usage: ls <interface> [<dev[:part]> [directory]] - Lists files in directory [directory] of partition [part] on device type [interface] and instance [dev]. If U-Boot does not support this command, then update the composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash0. For steps to update composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash, see LS1046ARDB - How to update composite firmware image in QSPI NOR flash. Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Load FMan ucode image from the storage device. => load mmc <device:partition> 80000000 <image name> => print filesize For example: => load mmc 0:3 80000000 fsl_fman_ucode_ls1046_r1.0_106_4_18.bin 32604 bytes read in 18 ms (1.7 MiB/s) => print filesize filesize=7f5c Or => load usb <device:partition> 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Or => load scsi <device:partition> 80000000 <image name> => print filesize Program the FMan ucode image to QSPI NOR flash: => sf erase 0x900000 +$filesize && sf write 0x80000000 0x900000 $filesize Address  0x900000 is the location of the FMan ucode image in QSPI NOR flash.  Refer Flash layout for new boot flow with TF-A for the complete flash memory layout. Boot from QSPI NOR flash1 and press Enter to stop the autoboot: => cpld reset altbank In boot log, you’ll see: Board: LS1046ARDB, boot from QSPI vBank 4 You can check the following code line in the boot log to confirm that the DPAA1 FMan ucode image in QSPI NOR flash is updated. Fman1: Uploading microcode version 106.4.18 Ensure that SD card, USB flash drive, or SCSI hard disk installed with LSDK Ubuntu distribution is plugged into the board to boot the board to Ubuntu.  => cpld reset altbank Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS localhost ttyS0 localhost login: root Password: Last login: Sun Jan 28 16:05:12 UTC 2018 on ttyS0 Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.9.105 aarch64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage If U-Boot does not find LSDK on a mass storage device, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_ tiny.itb stored in QSPI NOR flash.

In the U-Boot log, the names of the Ethernet interfaces are printed in the format <name>@<interface type>, for example, DPMAC2@xgmii. DPMAC is a DPAA2 object that identifies the physical interface.  For Linux, in TinyDistro as well as in Ubuntu distribution, by default, only one MAC is enabled as a standard Kernel Ethernet Interface. This interface is named eth0 by default (or eth1 if PCI Express network interface card is discovered first). For details regarding creation of a DPAA2 network interface (DPNI) in Linux, refer to LS1088ARDB/LS1088ARDB-PB - How to create a DPAA2 network interface (DPNI) in Linux The table below shows the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux for LS1088ARDB.  Port name on chassis Port name in U-Boot Port name in Linux (tinyDistro and Ubuntu userland) Description ETH0 DPMAC2@xgmii not enabled by default XFI optical interface ETH1 DPMAC1@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface ETH2 DPMAC7@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH3 DPMAC8@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH4 DPMAC9@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH5 DPMAC10@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH6 DPMAC3@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH7 DPMAC4@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface ETH8 DPMAC5@qsgmii  eth0 by default (or eth1 if PCI Express network interface card is discovered first) QSGMII copper interface ETH9 DPMAC6@qsgmii  not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface The table below shows the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux for LS1088ARDB-PB. Port name on chassis Port name in U-Boot Port name in Linux (tinyDistro and Ubuntu userland) Description DPMAC1 DPMAC1@xgmii not enabled by default XFI optical interface DPMAC2 DPMAC2@xgmii not enabled by default XFI copper interface DPMAC3 DPMAC3@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC4 DPMAC4@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC5 DPMAC5@qsgmii eth0 by default (or eth1 if PCI Express network interface card is discovered first) QSGMII copper interface DPMAC6 DPMAC6@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC7 DPMAC7@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC8 DPMAC8@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC9 DPMAC9@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface DPMAC10 DPMAC10@qsgmii not enabled by default QSGMII copper interface

Follow these steps to update the Linux kernel image and device tree on the SD card.  Compiling Linux kernel images and device tree On Linux host, clone the repository with Linux kernel image and device tree: $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/linux $ cd linux $ git checkout -b <new branch> <start point> For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-19.06-V4.14 LSDK-19.06-V4.14 where LSDK-19.06-V4.14 refers to a tag in the format LSDK-<LSDK version>-V<kernel version> $ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- defconfig lsdk.config If you want to make changes to the device tree, open and edit arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-ls1043a-rdb.dts $ make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- The binary kernel image Image and compressed kernel image Image.gz are in arch/arm64/boot/. The device tree blob fsl-ls1043a-rdb.dtb is in arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/. Copying the compiled kernel images and device tree to the SD card Plug the SD card into the Linux host machine. Mount the SD card partition that contains Linux kernel images and device tree. sudo mkdir <mount_location> sudo mount /dev/sdX <mount_location> Use the command cat /proc/partitions to see a list of devices and their sizes to make sure that the correct device names have been chosen. The SDHC storage drive in the Linux PC is detected as /dev/ sdX, where X is a letter such as a, b, c. Make sure to choose the correct device name, because data on this device will be replaced. If your Linux host machine supports read/write SDHC card directly without an extra SDHC card reader device, the device name of SDHC card is typically mmcblk0. Replace Image, Image.gz, and fsl-ls1043a-rdb.dtb on the SD card with the new files compiled in the steps above. sudo cp /linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image /linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image.gz /linux/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-ls1043a-rdb.dtb <mount_location> sudo umount /dev/sdX Plug the SD card into LS1043ARDB and boot the board to Ubuntu using the SD card.  If U-Boot does not find LSDK on the SD card, it will boot TinyDistro from lsdk_linux_arm64_tiny.itb stored on the SD card. You can confirm that Linux kernel and device tree is updated on the SD card by running this command and checking the timestamp. root@localhost:~# uname -a Linux localhost 4.14.104 #2 SMP PREEMPT Wed Aug 21 17:14:01 IST 2019 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

Please note that the LSDK memory layout for TF-A boot flow explained in this topic is only applicable for LSDK 18.12 and newer releases.  The following table shows the memory layout of various firmware stored in NOR/NAND/QSPI flash device or SD card on all QorIQ Reference Design Boards. When the board boots from NOR flash, the NOR bank from which the board boots is considered as the "current bank" and the other bank is considered as the "alternate bank". For example, if LS1043ARDB boots from NOR bank 4, to update an image on NOR bank 0, you need to use the "alternate bank" address range,0x64000000 - 0x64F00000. Firmware Definition MaxSize Flash Offset (QSPI/NAND flash) Absolute address (NOR bank 0 on LS1043ARDB, LS1021ATWR) Absolute address  (NOR bank 4 LS1043ARDB, LS1021ATWR) Absolute address (NOR bank 0 on LS2088ARDB) Absolute address (NOR bank 4 on LS2088ARDB) SD Start Block No. RCW + PBI + BL2 (bl2.pbl) 1 MiB 0x00000000 0x60000000 0x64000000 0x580000000 0x584000000 0x00008 ATF FIP Image (fip.bin) BL31 + BL32 + BL33 4 MiB 0x00100000 0x60100000 0x64100000 0x580100000 0x584100000 0x00800 Boot firmware environment 1 MiB 0x00500000 0x60500000 0x64500000 0x580500000 0x584500000 0x02800 Secure boot headers 2 MiB 0x00600000 0x60600000 0x64600000 0x580600000 0x584600000 0x03000 Secure header or DDR PHY FW 512 KiB 0x00800000 0x60800000 0x64800000 0x580800000 0x584800000 0x04000 Fuse provisioning header 512 KiB 0x00880000 0x60880000 0x64880000 0x580880000 0x584880000 0x04400 DPAA1 FMAN ucode 256 KiB 0x00900000 0x60900000 0x64900000 0x580900000 0x584900000 0x04800 QE/uQE firmware 256 KiB 0x00940000 0x60940000 0x64940000 0x580940000 0x584940000 0x04A00 Ethernet PHY firmware 256 KiB 0x00980000 0x60980000 0x64980000 0x580980000 0x584980000 0x04C00 Script for flashing image 256 KiB 0x009C0000 0x609C0000 0x649C0000 0x5809C0000 0x5849C0000 0x04E00 DPAA2-MC or PFE firmware 3 MiB 0x00A00000 0x60A00000 0x64A00000 0x580A00000 0x584A00000 0x05000 DPAA2 DPL 1 MiB 0x00D00000 0x60D00000 0x64D00000 0x580D00000 0x584D00000 0x06800 DPAA2 DPC 1 MiB 0x00E00000 0x60E00000 0x64E00000 0x580E00000 0x584E00000 0x07000 Device tree(needed by uefi) 1 MiB 0x00F00000 0x60F00000 0x64F00000 0x580F00000 0x584F00000 0x07800 Kernel lsdk_linux.itb 16 MiB 0x01000000 NA NA NA NA 0x08000 Ramdisk rfs 32 MiB 0x02000000 NA NA NA NA 0x10000 The following figures highlight the changes in the flash layout for previous boot flow (with PPA) and flash layout for TF-A boot flow. Flash layout for previous boot flow (with PPA)   Changed flash layout for TF-A boot flow

The attached patch is to support DDR3L in LS1043A. The SDK version is Linux-LS1043A-SDK-V0.5-SOURCE-20151223-yocto.iso. Not SDK2.0. The DDR3L part number is two Winbond W632GU6KB(16M x 8 banks x 16 bits DDR3L SDRAM).

This document introduces a method to separate control plane and data plane between GPP(ARM) and AIOP based on different L4 protocols implemented in the AIOP software. So far, in the current MC version, this scenario could not be implemented from WRIOP using DPDMUX, so it is a good choice for users to separate the traffic in AIOP.   1. Basic Concept of DPAA2 Objects   2. AIOP Application to Implement Control in ARM and Data Plane in AIOP   3. Build AIOP Application Project with CodeWarrior   4. Running AIOP Application Program on LS2085ARDB

Currently rate limiting is supported on TX side only via IOCTL call FM_PORT_IOC_SET_RATE_LIMIT. A user-space application has to be implement which opens the character driver interface of the TX port and issue the IOCTL. The rate_limit structure (mentioned below) has to be filled to implement the restriction.   For example:   fd = open ("/dev/fm0_port_tx5", O_RDWR);   err = ioctl(fd, FM_PORT_IOC_SET_RATE_LIMIT, &fm_port);   Structure to pass to the IOCTL: /**************************************************************************//** @Description@@   A structure for defining Tx rate limiting (Must match struct t_FmPortRateLimit defined in fm_port_ext.h) *//***************************************************************************/ typedef struct ioc_fm_port_rate_limit_t { uint16_t max_burst_size;         /**< in KBytes for Tx ports, in frames for offline parsing ports. (note that for early chips burst size is rounded up to a multiply of 1000 frames).*/     uint32_t rate_limit; /**< in Kb/sec for Tx ports, in frame/sec for offline parsing ports. Rate limit refers to data rate (rather than line rate). */ ioc_fm_port_dual_rate_limiter_scale_down rate_limit_divider; /**< For offline parsing ports only. Not-valid for some earlier chip revisions */ } ioc_fm_port_rate_limit_t; Further information in the below link. http://www.freescale.com/infocenter/index.jsp?topic=%2FQORIQSDK%2F2283674.html

Trusted Firmware for Cortex-A (TF-A) is an implementation of EL3 secure firmware. TF-A replaces PPA in secure firmware role. Please note the steps listed in this topic can only be performed with LSDK 18.12 and newer releases.  Also the TF-A boot flow is applicable only for LS1088ARDB-PB. LS1088ARDB is not supported LSDK 18.12 release onwards. To migrate to the TF-A boot flow from the previous boot flow (with PPA), you need to compile the TF-A binaries, bl2_<boot_mode>.pbl and fip.bin, and flash these binaries on the specific boot medium on the board. For QSPI NOR flash boot, you need to compile the following TF-A binaries. TF-A binary name Components bl2_qspi.pbl BL2 binary: Platform initialization binary RCW binary for QSPI NOR flash fip.bin BL31: Secure runtime firmware BL32: Trusted OS, for example, OPTEE (optional) BL33: U-Boot/UEFI image Follow these steps to compile and deploy TF-A  binaries (bl2_qspi.pbl and fip.bin) in QSPI NOR flash. Compile PBL binary from RCW source file Compile U-Boot binary [Optional] Compile OPTEE binary  Compile TF-A binaries (bl2_qspi.pbl and fip.bin) for QSPI NOR flash Program TF-A binaries to QSPI NOR flash Step 1: Compile PBL binary from RCW source file  You need to compile the rcw_1600_qspi.bin binary to build the bl2_qspi.pbl binary. Clone the  rcw repository and compile the PBL binary.  $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/rcw $ cd rcw $ git checkout -b <new branch name> <LSDK tag>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.12 LSDK-18.12  $ cd ls1088ardb If required, make changes to the rcw files. $ make   The compiled PBL binary for QSPI NOR flash on LS1088ARDB-PB, rcw_1600_qspi.bin, is available at rcw/ls1088ardb/FCQQQQQQQQ_PPP_H_0x1d_0x0d/.   See the rcw/ls1088ardb/README file for an explanation of the naming convention for the directories that contain the RCW source and binary files. Step 2: Compile U-Boot binary You need to compile the u-boot.bin binary to build the fip.bin binary. Clone the u-boot repository and compile the U-Boot binary for TF-A. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/u-boot.git $ cd u-boot $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.12 LSDK-18.12  $ export ARCH=arm $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make distclean $ make ls1088ardb_tfa_defconfig $ make If the make command shows the error "*** Your GCC is older than 6.0 and is not supported", ensure that you are using Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit version for building LSDK 18.12 U-Boot binary.  The compiled U-Boot image, u-boot.bin, is available at u-boot/. Step 3: [Optional] Compile OP-TEE binary You need to compile the tee.bin binary to build fip.bin with OPTEE. However, OPTEE is optional, you can skip the procedure to compile OPTEE if you want to build the FIP binary without OPTEE. Clone the optee_os repository and build the OPTEE binary.  $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/optee_os $ cd optee_os $ git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.12 LSDK-18.12 $ export ARCH=arm $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- $ make CFG_ARM64_core=y PLATFORM=ls-ls1088ardb $ aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy -v -O binary out/arm-plat-ls/core/tee.elf out/arm-plat-ls/core/tee.bin The compiled OPTEE image, tee.bin, is available at optee_os/out/arm-plat-ls/core/. Step 4: Compile TF-A binaries for QSPI NOR flash Clone the atf repository and compile the TF-A binaries, bl2_qspi.pbl and fip.bin. $ git clone https://source.codeaurora.org/external/qoriq/qoriq-components/atf $ cd atf $  git checkout -b <new branch name> LSDK-<LSDK version>. For example, $ git checkout -b LSDK-18.12 LSDK-18.12 $ export ARCH=arm $ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- Build BL2 binary with OPTEE. $ make PLAT=ls1088ardb bl2 SPD=opteed BOOT_MODE=qspi pbl RCW=<path_to_rcw_binary>/rcw_1600_qspi.bin The compiled BL2 binaries, bl2.bin and bl2_qspi.pbl are available at atf/build/ls1088ardb/release/. For any update in the BL2 source code or RCW binary, the bl2_qspi.pbl binary needs to be recompiled. To compile the BL2 binary without OPTEE: make PLAT=ls1088ardb bl2 BOOT_MODE=qspi pbl RCW=<path_to_rcw_binary>/rcw_1600_qspi.bin Build FIP binary with OPTEE and without trusted board boot. $ make PLAT=ls1088ardb fip BL33=<path_to_u-boot_binary>/u-boot.bin SPD=opteed BL32=<path_to_optee_binary>/tee.bin The compiled BL31 and FIP binaries, bl31.bin, fip.bin, are available at atf/build/ls1088ardb/release/. For any update in the BL31, BL32, or BL33 binaries, the fip.bin binary needs to be recompiled. To compile the FIP binary without OPTEE and without trusted board boot: make PLAT=ls1088ardb fip BOOT_MODE=sd BL33=<path_to_u-boot_binary>/u-boot.bin To compile the FIP binary with trusted board boot, refer the read me at <atf repository>/plat/nxp/README.TRUSTED_BOOT Step 5: Program TF-A binaries to QSPI NOR flash Boot LS1088ARDB-PB from QSPI. Ensure that the switches are set to boot the board from QSPI. For booting from QSPI , SW1[1:8] + SW2[1] = 0011_0001_X Boot from QSPI NOR flash0: => qixis_reset For LS1088ARDB-PB, in boot log, you'll see: Board: LS1088ARDB-PB, Board Arch: V1, Board version: A, boot from QSPI:0 Please ensure that you are using LS1088ARDB-PB to flash the TF-A binaries, as LS1088ARDB is not supported LSDK 18.12 release onwards. Set up Ethernet connection When board boots up, U-Boot prints a list of enabled Ethernet interfaces. DPMAC1@xgmii, DPMAC2@xgmii, DPMAC3@qsgmii, DPMAC4@qsgmii, DPMAC5@qsgmii, DPMAC6@qsgmii, DPMAC7@qsgmii, DPMAC8@qsgmii, DPMAC9@qsgmii, DPMAC10@qsgmii Set server IP address to the IP address of the host machine on which you have configured the TFTP server.  => setenv serverip <ipaddress1> Set ethact and ethprime as the ethernet interface connected to the TFTP server. See LS1088ARDB/LS1088RDB-PB Ethernet port mapping for the mapping of Ethernet port names appearing on the chassis front panel with the port names in U-Boot and Linux. => setenv ethprime <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethprime DPMAC3@qsgmii => setenv ethact <name of interface connected to TFTP server> For example: => setenv ethact DPMAC3@qsgmii Set IP address of the board. You can set a static IP address or, if the board can connect to a dhcp server, you can use the dhcp command.  Static IP address assignment: => setenv ipaddr <ipaddress2> => setenv netmask <subnet mask> Dynamic IP address assignment: => dhcp Save the settings. => saveenv Check the connection between the board and the TFTP server. => ping $serverip Using DPMAC3@qsgmii device host 192.168.1.1 is alive   Load TF-A binaries from the TFTP server For details about the flash image layout for TF-A binaries, refer LSDK memory layout for TF-A boot flow. Program QSPI NOR flash1: => sf probe 0:1 Flash bl2_qspi.pbl: => tftp 0xa0000000 bl2_qspi.pbl => sf erase 0x0 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x0 $filesize  Flash fip.bin: => tftp 0xa0000000 fip.bin => sf erase 0x100000 +$filesize && sf write 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize Boot from QSPI NOR flash1: => qixis_reset altbank LS1088ARDB-PB will boot with TF-A. In the boot log, you will see: => NOTICE: UDIMM 18ASF1G72AZ-2G6B1 NOTICE: 8 GB DDR4, 64-bit, CL=15, ECC on, CS0+CS1 NOTICE: BL2: v1.5(release):LSDK-18.12 NOTICE: BL2: Built : 16:23:18, Feb 8 2019 NOTICE: BL31: v1.5(release):LSDK-18.12 NOTICE: BL31: Built : 16:25:08, Feb 8 2019 NOTICE: Welcome to LS1088 BL31 Phase For steps to deploy TF-A binaries on SD card, see LS1088ARDB-PB - How to deploy TF-A binaries on SD card