Hi @johns_chuang
1. Watchdog timer works independently, it has an independent 1kHz oscillator.
2. Yes, Watchdog timer is inabled immediatley but it is disbaled during debug mode.
3 & 4? WDOG_CS1[UPDATE] could allow updates on the configuration without forcing a reset on the mcu.
You can find more information on chapter 16 of the reference manual.
Let me know if this answers your questions.
Best Regards, Miguel.