Usually the encoder flow is
vpu_EncStartOneFrame(handle, ...)
vpu_IsBusy()
vpu_EncGetOutputInfo( handle, ...)
Returning from vpu_EncStartOneFrame means that encoding of one frame successfully has initiated.
So, my guess is that even when calling vpu_EncStartOneFrame from different process this will return only until the encoding of the frame of that particular handle has been started. Not sure, if when two process call it at the same time one will return success and the other an error, so you need to retry, or in both process they return success at the proper serialized time.
I will check the latter with one of the vpu experts, and let you know.