i.MX35 PDK NAND Creating and Flashing UBIFS image

[#1]

Quick Steps

Four quick steps to build and flash a UBIFS image on i.MX35 NAND (K9LBG08U0D-PCB0), for information on how to you another memory, please see next section.

1. Enable MTD_UBI and UBIFS_FS on kernel
2. Create UBI image from rootfs (used for NFS) - ON PC
   1. mkfs.ubifs -v -r rootfs -m 2048 -e 258048 -c 966 -o ubifs.img
   2. ubinize -o ubi.img -m 2048 -p 256KiB -s 2048 ubinize.cfg
3. Format NAND using UBI image - ON TARGET
   1. ubiformat -f ubi.img /dev/mtd8
4. Load UBI file system
   1. load -r -b 0x100000 zImage
   2. fis create -f 0x300000 kernel
      1. fis load kernel
      2. exec -c "noinitrd console=ttymxc0 115200 ubi.mtd=8 root=ubi0:rootfs rw rootfstype=ubifs ip=none"

How To

First of all, install mtd-utils on both target and host:

Target:

./ltib -c 

Package list

[*] mtd-utils 

Host

sudo aptget install mtd-utils 

1. Enable MTD_UBI and UBIFS_FS on kernel

MTD_UBI

-> Device Drivers 
    -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support (MTD [=y]) 
          -> UBI - Unsorted block images 
                  <*> Enable UBI 
                   (4096) UBI wear-leveling threshold (NEW) 
                   (1) Percentage of reserved eraseblocks for bad eraseblocks handling (NEW) 
                < > MTD devices emulation driver (gluebi) (NEW) 
                   ** UBI debugging options ** 
                   [ ] UBI debugging (NEW)

UBIFS_FS

-> File systems 
        ->Miscellaneous filesystems 
            <*> UBIFS file system support 
                [ ] Extended attributes support (NEW) 
                [ ] Advanced compression options (NEW) 
                [ ] Enable debugging (NEW)

2. Create UBI image

On TARGET Collect some information needed in order to create the UBI image according to your NAND device

root@freescale \~$ cat /proc/mtd 
dev:   size   erasesize name 
mtd0: 00080000 00020000 "Bootloader" 
mtd1: 00400000 00020000 "nor.Kernel" 
mtd2: 01e00000 00020000 "nor.userfs" 
mtd3: 01c00000 00020000 "nor.rootfs" 
mtd4: 00003000 00020000 "FIS directory" 
mtd5: 02001000 00020000 "Redboot config" 
mtd6: 00300000 00040000 "nand.bootloader" 
mtd7: 00500000 00040000 "nand.kernel" 
mtd8: 10000000 00040000 "nand.rootfs" 
mtd9: 00800000 00040000 "nand.configure" 
mtd10: 6f000000 00040000 "nand.userfs"

I will use mtd8, because I want the NAND rootfs MTD partition.

More on [1]

root@freescale ~$ ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 8 
UBI: attaching mtd8 to ubi0 
UBI: physical eraseblock size:   262144 bytes (256 KiB) 
UBI: logical eraseblock size:    258048 bytes 
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit:    2048 
UBI: VID header offset:          2048 (aligned 2048) 
UBI: data offset:                4096 
UBI: empty MTD device detected 
UBI: create volume table (copy #1) 
UBI: create volume table (copy #2) 
UBI: attached mtd8 to ubi0 
UBI: MTD device name:            "nand.rootfs" 
UBI: MTD device size:            256 MiB 
UBI: number of good PEBs:        979 
UBI: number of bad PEBs:         45 
UBI: max. allowed volumes:       128 
UBI: wear-leveling threshold:    4096 
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1 
UBI: number of user volumes:     0 
UBI: available PEBs:             966 
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 13 
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 9 
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 0/0 
UBI: image sequence number: 0 
UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 2098 
UBI device number

You will need:

• -p = physical eraseblock size = 256KiB
• -e = logical eraseblock size = 258048
• -m = smallest flash I/O unit = 2048
• -s = VID header offset = 2048
• -c = available PEB = 966

Values only for iMX35 PDK NAND - K9LBG08U0D-PCB0

3. ON HOST - Now, create the images (two steps)

You need to create ubinize.cfg file!

ubinize.cfg

[ubifs] 
mode=ubi 
image=ubifs.img 
vol_id=0 
vol_size=237MiB 
vol_type=dynamic 
vol_name=rootfs 
vol_flags=autoresize

$ mkfs.ubifs -v -r rootfs -m 2048 -e 258048 -c 966 -o ubifs.img 
mkfs.ubifs 
     root:                rootfs/ 
     min_io_size:    2048 
     leb_size:         258048 
     max_leb_cnt:   966 
     output:            ubifs.img 
     jrn_size:          8388608 
     reserved:         0 
     compr:            lzo 
     keyhash:         r5 
     fanout:            8 
     orph_lebs:       1 
     super lebs:      1 
     master lebs:    2 
     log_lebs:         4 
     lpt_lebs:          2 
     orph_lebs:       1 
     main_lebs:       132 
     gc lebs:           1 
     index lebs:       2 
     leb_cnt:           142 
     UUID:              CC2057F9-B20F-46D1-A399-1FCA95DCAFF7 
Success\! 
$ ubinize -o ubi.img -m 2048 -p 256KiB -s 2048 ubinize.cfg 
$ ls -lh u* 
-rw-r--r-- 1 daiane daiane 35M 2010-11-26 15:21 ubifs.img 
-rw-r--r-- 1 daiane daiane 36M 2010-11-26 15:22 ubi.img 
-rw-r--r-- 1 daiane daiane 113 2010-11-26 15:22 ubinize.cfg 
$ sudo cp ubi.img rootfs/home/

4. Format NAND using UBI image - ON TARGET

Turn on target (or reset it) and format MTD partition

$ cd /home 
$ ubiformat -f ubi.img /dev/mtd8

5. Load UBI file system

Reset and change redboot script:

.. fis load kernel 
.. exec -c "noinitrd console=ttymxc0 115200 ubi.mtd=8 root=ubi0:rootfs rw rootfstype=ubifs ip=none"