If you are using a 16MHz crystal, the baud rate is 9600 and if you are using a 32MHz crystal, the baud rate is 19200.Could you please help me trying those baudrates?
I have first tried "QN9080 Programming Tool" can use ISP download to confirm
that there is no problem with the default UART0(PA16,PA17). This shows that Jp15 and Jp8 must be short and there is no problem with their pins. After closing the "QN9080 Programming Tool" and Hardware reset board, use XCOM terminal to send 0x33 to try.
Sorry I did not understand the problem it seems that it works correctly for you using our tools, something that I would like to clarify the pins that support the UART ISP are both PA16,PA17, those are the ones you should use.