Hi Xiaohui,
The CAN bus used in automotive mainly for their robustness.
The CANH and CANL are differential signals. Therefore, when you make short between CANH and CANL line, you fully damage the bus communication. However, when you damage only one of CANH or CANL lines by short to power supply lines (or 12V), the PHYs still may reconstruct information from remaining CANH/CANL line and continue in operation.
I hope it helps you.
Have a great day,
Radek
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