Hi,
SJA1105 SPI is used to load static configuration and to access all memory , control and status registers so should be connected to device that allows that, most probably your SOC.
1) seems LAN7431 does not have MDI interface, just MII/RGMII
2) SJA1105 operates as a slave device in transfer Mode 1
3) not sure of that
BR, Petr