Hello, sorry for the late response, I was researching more information on the reference manual and datasheet.
The maximum clock source is 15mhz.

The documentation of the Ctimer source is from the AHBCLKCTRL0.
The LPC802 supports a clock up to 15MHz which gives us a clock cycle period of 66ns, and the documentation regarding interrupt latency of Arm (You can look at it on this link Interrupt Latency) states that the Cortex-M0+'s clock cycles with zero wait state memory are 15.
Interrupt Time = CyclesClock * period = 15 * 66ns = 1us
Beginner guide on interrupt latency and Arm Cortex-M processors - Architectures and Processors blog ...
After reviewing the documentation value below 1us is not possible.
Best regards,
Pavel