Hi, WeiQian,
Unfortunately, we do not provide the analog channel internal architecture for the LPC55xx family.
Regarding the analog channel voltage range for LPC55xx family, pls refer to the VIA specs in data sheet of LPC551x.
The limiting analog ADC voltage is from -0.3V to 3.96V, the normal analog ADC voltage is from 0V to VDDA.
If your ADC analog voltage is out of the range from -0.3 to 3.96V, external diodes are required to protect ADC.
Hope it can help you
BR
XiangJun Rong

I copy the notes here from the Data sheet.
[6] An ADC input voltage above 3.6 V can be applied for a short time without leading to immediate, unrecoverable failure. Accumulated
exposure to elevated voltages at 4.6 V must be less than 106 s total over the lifetime of the device. Applying an elevated voltage to the
ADC inputs for a long time affects the reliability of the device and reduces its lifetime.
[7] It is recommended to connect an overvoltage protection diode between the analog input pin and the voltage supply pin.