Hi, Avinash,
1. For UART application the controller is receiving the input from the keyboard but not replicating the came on the serial console ?
>>Pls check if you configure the uart, uart clock, uart pins. BTW, which uart module you are using?
2. For GPIO application, we configured Port 2(0 to 7) as output and set as high. measure the output voltage. we are getting only 2.3v. Is it correct ?(output should be only 3.3v ?)
>>>>You can follow up the procedure to set the GPIO pin in output mode:
1)set up the GPIOM bit so that you can select the legacy mode or high speed mode.

SCS&=~(0x01); //flor example useing legacy mode, clear the GPIOM bit
2)set the corresponding bit in IODIR
IO0DIR|=0xff; //the the GPIO0_0~GPIO0_7 are in output mode
3)set the GPIO0_0~7
IO0_SET=0xFF
4)clear GPIO0_0~7
IO0_CLR=0xFF;
Pls have a try
3.For GPIO application, we configured Port 2(0 to 7) as output and set as low. measure the output voltage. we are getting 2.3v ?
>>>see above description
4. In Application compilation process IROM1 start address is 0x0 and IRAM1 start address is 0x40000000. Whether start address is correct ?
>>>>>After Reset, the bootloader code is executed firstly(from 0x7FFF E000), It is dependent on the P2.10 pin voltage after Reset, if the pin is low after Reset, the ISP mode is entered. If the P0_10 is high after reset, the bootloader look for valid image in address 0x00000000, if a valid application image is available, the application code from 0x0000 will be executed.
Pls refer to Chapter 29: LPC23XX Flash memory programming firmware in UM10211.
5. In Application compilation process Xtal is 12MHz(default). But we are using Internal RC Oscillator only. Then XTAL has to be configured as 4MHz ?
>>>>>>Following Reset, the LPC2300 will operate from the Internal RC Oscillator until switched
by software. This allows systems to operate without any external crystal, and allows the
Boot Loader code to operate at a known frequency. If the external cryscal is not used, you are not required to configure the XTAL pin and block.
There is sample code for LPC23xx, pls refer to it.
https://www.nxp.com/products/processors-and-microcontrollers/arm-microcontrollers/general-purpose-mc...
Because the LPC23xx is very very old, we have not the board to have a test, I am sorry.
Hope it can help you
BR
XiangJun Rong