Hi jun,
According to the "Figure 11-1. Normal I/O structure", the input glitch filter will not impact the output value.

When you want to read the GPIO output value, you may need to configured this pin for General Purpose Input(GPIOx_PIDR = 0). Otherwise corresponding Port Data Input Register bit will read zero.
I'm not sure if really need to enable input glitch filter just to read the output value. This function is usually used to read the signal with external interference instead of the output value of this pin itself.
Best Regards,
Robin
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