Hi
All channels can work in either 8, 10, 12 or 16 bit modes, however the "accuracy" achieved depends on the settings (speeds, HW averaging etc.) and the practical limit (when no extra noise from PCB etc.) tends to be between around 12..13 bits.
The differential inputs can achieve sightly better accuracy than the single-ended ones (possibly up to 14.5 effective bits with maximum HW averaging enabled).
Specific to your question; I expect that all differential inputs (and not just the ADC0_DP0/DM0 and ADC1_DP0/DM0) would be equivalent but the data sheet does indeed only precise the improvement on ADCx_DP0/DM0, which may be true for specific reason but could also be just that the 0 should be a y. We will need to wait to see whether the person who wrote the data sheet can confirm which it is to be absolutely sure (or try it and find out - which will need a very good/low noise circuit HW to be practical).
Regards
Mark