Hello and welcome to the fora, Loris.
Yes you can use a bootloader but you need to be able to programme the bootloader code in to your device first. For this you will need a BDM. The bootloader is some code that will remain within the device and talk to your computer over a serial port. It recieves and programmes your code and erases your code when required but does not erase itself.
The main problem is the Catch-22 in the first place.
