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According with 60.3.17.2 Self-test section: Individual steps can take up to 1 µs at 80 MHz ADC clock frequency.
Please find attached example. In practice, I cannot get less than 14us per instance.
For safety applications, it is important to verify correct operation at regular intervals. But also consider that the ADC Self-Test function should be called at any time after driver was initialized and there are no ongoing conversions.

When you suspend debug session, in Expressions tab you can observe results: g_fifo1Result, which corresponds to the BCTU list measurements, meanwhile g_fifo1Volts corresponds to the conversion in volts.

We hope this resolves your issue.
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