Hi,
In the special single chip mode BDM is enabled and active immediately out of reset. There is a difference in access to several registers. The MCU can enter the mode only out of reset if MODC = 0, MODB = 0, MODC = 0.
I think the MCU goes through reset due to some failure (clock monitor reset, low voltage, cop, illegal address access). And because you have a debugger connected, the MCU enters the special single chip mode.
Regards,
Daniel