Hi, Avinash,
Regarding your question that the ADC conversion time of LPC17xx requires 64 clock cycles based on SAR mechanism, it is said that the ADC converter of LPC17xx is initial version, for the later ADC converter for example the ADC of LPC54xxx, the ADC is optimized, the ADC clock frequency becomes higher, the conversion time becomes shorter.
BR
Xiangjun Rong