After some research, it seems the problem is that I can't get any TOK_DNE interrupt, so the hosts generates RESETs until it finally gives up and stops sending any message.
I'm using PE to initialize hardware, and I think the CLK settings are right (I've got a 12MHz external clock, and the PLL output frequency is 48MHz to feed the USB peripheral) but right now I'm not quite sure I've set everything right.
I also thought it could be related to the other interrupts, but right now I'm only using 3 more (TPM2, SCI1 and I2C2)
I'll keep searching, but any help would be greaty appreciated.