The following worked for me, adding rtl8812au driver to Raspberry Pi Debian 9 (Stretch). However, this is limited to kernel 4.9.59-v7+, given the repository for kernel 4.9.72-v7+ has yet to be updated.
First... validate that your device is on the USB bus...
// Wireless USB Adapter Driver Compile And Install...
// https://linuxforums.org.uk/index.php?topic=13232.0
# lsusb | grep 0bda
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0bda:a811 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
# usb-devices | awk '/a811/' RS=
T: Bus=01 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=01 Cnt=02 Dev#= 5 Spd=480 MxCh= 0
D: Ver= 2.10 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1
P: Vendor=0bda ProdID=a811 Rev=02.00
S: Manufacturer=Realtek
S: Product=802.11ac WLAN Adapter
S: SerialNumber=00e04c000001
C: #Ifs= 1 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr=500mA
I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 6 Cls=ff(vend.) Sub=ff Prot=ff Driver=(none)
# modprobe -c | grep -i "0bda.*ab11"
< No Result >
# apt-get install apt-file
# apt-file update
# apt-file find lshw
# apt-get install lshw
# lshw -C network
< No Result For USB Device > This is expected since no driver present.
Second... Grab the available Raspberry Pi Kernel Headers...
# apt-get install dkms git
# apt-get install raspberrypi-kernel-headers
Third... Grab the source for the driver...
# mkdir ~/RTL8812AU
# cd ~/RTL8812AU
# git clone https://github.com/abperiasamy/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux.git
Fourth... Enable configuration for Pi, disable for i386/x86_64...
# cd ~/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux
# nano Makefile
CONFIG_PLATFORM_ARM_RPI = y
CONFIG_PLATFORM_I386_PC = n
# nano Makefile.dkms
CONFIG_PLATFORM_ARM_RPI = y
CONFIG_PLATFORM_I386_PC = n
// Only Kernel 4.9.59-v7+?
# make -f Makefile.dkms install
// Test Driver... Assumption is USB adapter device is wlan0 interface...
# modprobe rtl8812au
# ifconfig
# iwlist wlan0 scanning
< List Wifi Networks > Expected output is list of available wifi networks.
// May have to bounce the interface
# ip link set wlan0 down
# ip link set wlan0 up
If the wrong or (too) new kernel is installed... Typical error...
# make -f Makefile.dkms install
make clean
make[1]: Entering directory '/root/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux'
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE= -C /lib/modules/4.9.73-v7+/build M=/root/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux clean
make[2]: Entering directory '/root/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux'
make[2]: *** /lib/modules/4.9.73-v7+/build: No such file or directory. Stop.
make[2]: Leaving directory '/root/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux'
Makefile:1605: recipe for target 'clean' failed
make[1]: *** [clean] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/RTL8812AU/rtl8812AU_8821AU_linux'
Makefile.dkms:11: recipe for target 'src_install' failed
make: *** [src_install] Error 2
Notice the build directory is missing for the given kernel version.