3.10.3.1.3 Modem TX Timing profile
The transmit or TX timing profile is more predictable than the RX profile. Figure 3-10 shows the timing profile for a TX operation. There is the usual initial 144 μs warm-up period from idle current to full TX current (typically 30 mA) followed by the TX operation (TX is covered in detail in Section 6.3, “Active Modes”). The TX time is not a set figure but it is predictable.
The raw transmission rate of the IEEE 802.15.4 2.4 GHz physical layer is 62.5 ksymbols/s or 250 kb/s. This means the TX time for 2 symbols or 1 byte of data is 32 μs. An IEEE 802.15.4 2.4 compliant packet has 4 bytes of preamble, 1 byte of SFD, 1 byte of FLI, 2 bytes of FCS plus the payload data (125 bytes maximum). As a result the, the overhead of a frame is 8 bytes or 8 x 32 = 256 μs, and the maximum payload TX time is 125 x 32 = 4000 μs. The TX time for a packet then is:
Total TX time (μs) = 256 + (payload bytes x 32)
The TX operation will end after the FCS bytes are sent. The return to Idle has a “warm down” period of 10 μs to allow the RF transmitter to taper off in a manner to avoid RF “splatter”.