Sorry to reopen the ticket. But I think we can add an answer for whoever ends up here in the future.
I have the same issue, also had `libxkbcommon` into the image under `/usr/lib/` and kept having the same error.
The problem was basically on Yocto build, I missed configuring the qtbase `PACKAGECONFIG` variable to enable the xkbcommon option.
To do that, you add a new layer, create a `qtbase_%.bbappend` file and add:
`PACKAGECONFIG:append:<machinename> = " xkbcommon"`
NOTE: If you don't add the <machinename> you will have failures because other packages won't have the -native extension.
NOTE2: make sure to do that in a clean build (or clean all qt packages), other `ptest` will fail complaining that a configuration was changed, and it doesn't know why.