HI,
If you select sd boot but there is no sd card inserted, it should be jump to serial download mode, I think the default mode should be USB download, you can connect USB cable to the board, then see whether your pc recognize the board as a hid device. If yes, you can use sb loader tool to load DDR script or uboot into the board to run. Not sure whether I.mx53 provide such sb loader tool, you can search it in the release package.
If you can connect the j link to the core, you should be able to load DDR init script using your j link, this is same as the upper sb loader tool I mentioned. They both to load DDR script into iram the run it. After that you can try whether DDR is initialized successfully, just read/write the DDR address to see whether it can be accessed.