Thank you for providing the test command. I have executed the test as suggested, but unfortunately, the Chromium browser still hangs and eventually crashes. After the crash, the desktop becomes completely unusable; however, the debug console remains operational.
Here is the running information:

The memory size remains around 1.4 GB, but some error messages appear.

After the desktop crash, I executed dmesg in the debug console, and additional error messages were observed.

Attached is the full log for your reference.
Kindly let me know if there are any additional steps or alternative approaches you would recommend.