According you description, it seems that you have some short on your board. It is possible that short is caused by some damaging of MCU. Unfortunately hardware debugging isn’t simplest in this case. As first you have to disconnect all possible circuits from MCU. If this helps, you can try connecting circuit by circuit to MCU and test where issue could be. If disconnecting all possible circuits from MCU didn’t help, MCU is probably damaged and you have to replace this part or potentially use board warranty.
LM2940 contains protection circuits therefore I suppose that when you remove short, LDO will work correctly.