Hi,
The power supply can be selected from USB or from external source via SBC chip. See jumper J10 for source and J13 for level of supply voltage for MCU.

If you use SBC chip to supply the board then the VSUP is given by characteristic of MCZ33903CD5EK. The data sheet of the device states.

So 12V 5A supply is absolutely OK.
Best regards,
Ladislav