Hi @Jen1,
The ADC can't measure negative voltage.
The input voltage (V_IN) must be within the <V_RL; V_RH> range.

If negative voltage (V_IN < VSSA) is applied to a pin, the voltage is clamped to VSS.
Please refer to the S12ZVL RM,
C.1.1.4 Current Injection.
A.1.2 Current Injection
Table A-10. 5V I/O Characteristics (Junction Temperature From –40C To +175C)

Regards,
Daniel