On the chip LS1023a, when running the Linux kernel 6.6.52, an error log related to arm-smmu will appear.
[ 3.901722] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: probing hardware configuration...
[ 3.908214] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: SMMUv2 with:
[ 3.912852] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: stage 1 translation
[ 3.918174] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: stage 2 translation
[ 3.923496] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: nested translation
[ 3.928731] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: coherent table walk
[ 3.934054] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: stream matching with 64 register groups
[ 3.941117] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: 32 context banks (0 stage-2 only)
[ 3.947660] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: Supported page sizes: 0x61311000
[ 3.954112] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: Stage-1: 48-bit VA -> 48-bit IPA
[ 3.960563] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: Stage-2: 48-bit IPA -> 48-bit PA
[ 3.967399] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: preserved 0 boot mappings
[ 3.973273] arm-smmu 9000000.iommu: Failed to disable prefetcher [errata #841119 and #826419], check ACR.CACHE_LOCK