Céline
I am assuming that with HIGH SPEED you mean "HSRUN mode and with LOW SPEED you mean normal RUN mode (rather than high speed and low speed USB). HSRUN is up to 12oMHz on the K22 used in the FRDM-K22F circuit and RUN mode is up to 80MHz.
In HSRUN mode flash programming is not possible so I assume that you are temporarily switching to 80MHz and this is disturbing your USB clock settings.
To avoid disturbing the USB clock you could run USB in crystal-less mode (derived from the 48MHz IRC) in device mode and thus maintain a constant clock to it. Alternatively, USB can be clocked from an external source (needing an additional oscillator) which would allow both device and host modes.
For production - note that not all K22s have HSRUN mode - there are some K22 parts that can operate to 120Mz in RUN mode and such a part may be more suitable for your final application.
Regards
Mark
For less questions and faster, cheaper developments: try uTasker for Kinetis