This particular sensor can produce either an SMBus or a PWM output. Can I use the I2C protocol with this microcontroller even though the sensor involves SMBus? It is my understanding that they are usually compatible. Also, assuming I need to use ADC Channel 26 (designated for a temperature sensor), does the single-ended vs differential input signal depend on whether I use the SMBus or PWM mode on the sensor?
As the MLX output is on SDA/SCL the ADC stuff is irrelevant.
Without looking at the MK10 data sheet I'll guess that channel 26 is the chip's internal temperature sensor.
In general I2C was sloppy in its specifications and SMBus put more details to them.
This link points to more details about their differences:
https://www.totalphase.com/support/articles/200349186-Differences-between-I2C-and-SMBus