If you search in this forum for "longevity" you'll get about 14 results.
The most recent one was asked and quickly answered on this forum four weeks ago, here:
How Much longer will the MCF51JM be available
It points to the "Longevity Pages". Your CPU shows up on the "Archived" Tab with 10 years from November 2008.
Product Longevity|NXP
But that's the MINIMUM guaranteed lifetime. If people are still buying them, NXP keeps making them.
Also on the above it says they are "supported by standard end-of-life notification policies". You'll have to find out from your distributor what that is as a search doesn't find it on-line.
As to finding a replacement, it is highly unlikely you'll find anything different with the same pinout. Any chips in the same MCF (ColdFire) line are likely to have similar lifetimes. The closest relatives of the MCF52259 are the MCF52256 and MCF52258. They're unlikely to have any different lifetimes to the one you're using.
The Coldfire part with the longest "guaranteed life remaining" is the MCF5441x with 15 years from September 2010. That's a far larger, more complicated and expensive part than the one you're using. It is also "256 MAPBGA" where your one is "144 LQFP" or "144 MAPBGA".
There are no new parts in the Coldfire range. Everything uses ARM cores now. That's "Kinetics", so maybe you should start by downloading all the Data Sheets in that family and making a spreadsheet.
ARM is Little Endian. ColdFire is Big Endian. It is possible your code is "endian neutral" and won't need a rewrite, but unlikely.
You should seriously consider a "Last Time Buy" when the time comes. Just buy enough for 1, 2, 5, 10 years of production, whatever makes sense. Compare the cost of that against the cost of a redevelopment of the boards and all the software, design/IDE, programming, support and production overheads.
Tom