const array overwrite problem

mruetti — Fri, 19 Sep 2014 14:21:24 GMT

In my MQX 4.1 / MK60DX256VLL10 project I use lwgipo and spi amongst others. When I try to run the application I got an hard fault interrupt. Debugging the application I found that the arrays:

static const void *dspi_address[] from spi_mk60.c

const volatile uint32_t *pcr_reg_arr[] from lwgpio_kgpio.c

are not properly initialized. Moving the arrays into the calling functions they get properly initialized. As I think to know in the first case these arrays are 'global' objects and have a different storage place than in the second case. Is it possible that my linker file contains invalid definitions?

My linker file:

ENTRY(__boot)

using both, gnulib & ewl symbols

_cfm - to keep vectors.c variables

__init_hardware - must be used from bsp.a, not from librt.a

EXTERN(_cfm __init_hardware)

MEMORY

{

vectorrom (RX): ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 0x00000400 /* bootloader below 0x00010000 */

cfmprotrom (R): ORIGIN = 0x00000400, LENGTH = 0x00000020

swap_ind (RX): ORIGIN = 0x00000420, LENGTH = 0x00000010 /* swapping area */

rom (RX): ORIGIN = 0x00000430, LENGTH = 0x0003FBD0 /* Code + Const data */

ram (RW): ORIGIN = 0x1FFF8000, LENGTH = 0x00010000 /* SRAM - RW data */

/* kernel space starts after RAM variables (Location of MQX Kernel data + MQX heap) */

end_of_kd (RW): ORIGIN = 0x20007FF0, LENGTH = 0x00000000

/* Boot stack reused by MQX Kernel data */

bstack (RW): ORIGIN = 0x20007A00, LENGTH = 0x00000200 /* Boot stack */

end_bstack (RW): ORIGIN = 0x20007C00, LENGTH = 0x00000000 /* Boot stack end address requires 4B alignment */

}

SECTIONS

{

__INTERNAL_SRAM_BASE = 0x1FFF8000;

__INTERNAL_SRAM_SIZE = 0x00010000;

__INTERNAL_FLASH_BASE = 0x00000000;

__INTERNAL_FLASH_SIZE = 0x00040000;

__INTERNAL_FLASH_BASE = 0x00000000;

__INTERNAL_FLASH_SIZE = 0x00080000;

__INTERNAL_FLEXNVM_BASE = 0x10000000;

__INTERNAL_FLEXNVM_SIZE = 0x00040000;

__INTERNAL_FLEXRAM_BASE = 0x14000000;

__INTERNAL_FLEXRAM_SIZE = 0x00004000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_BASE = 0x70000000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_SIZE = 0x00080000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_ROM_BASE = 0x70000000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_ROM_SIZE = 0x00000000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_RAM_BASE = 0x70000000;

__EXTERNAL_MRAM_RAM_SIZE = 0x00080000;

__EXTERNAL_LCD_BASE = 0x60000000;

__EXTERNAL_LCD_SIZE = 0x1FFFF;

__EXTERNAL_LCD_DC_BASE = 0x60010000;

/* MQX link time configurations */

__DEFAULT_PROCESSOR_NUMBER = 1;

__DEFAULT_INTERRUPT_STACK_SIZE = 1024;

__KERNEL_DATA_VERIFY_ENABLE = 0; /* Test SDRAM read/write */

/* Flashx configurations */

__FLASHX_SECT_SIZE = 0x800;

.vectors :

{

__vector_table = .;

__VECTOR_TABLE_ROM_START = __vector_table;

KEEP(*(.vectors_rom))

. = ALIGN (0x4);

} > vectorrom

.cfmprotect :

{

KEEP(*(.cfmconfig))

. = ALIGN (0x4);

} > cfmprotrom

.swap_indicator :

{

__SWAP_INDICATOR = .;

. = ALIGN (0x4);

} > swap_ind

.text :

{

*(KERNEL)

*(S_BOOT)

*(IPSUM)

*(.text*)

*(.eh_frame)

KEEP (*(.init))

KEEP (*(.fini))

. = ALIGN(0x4);

*(.rodata*)

. = ALIGN(0x4);

*(.rdata*)

. = ALIGN(0x4);

*(.exception)

. = ALIGN(0x4);

__exception_table_start__ = .;

__exception_table_end__ = .;

__sinit__ = .;

} > rom

.ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } > rom

.ARM : {

__exidx_start = .;

*(.ARM.exidx*)

__exidx_end = .;

} > rom

.ctors :

{

__CTOR_LIST__ = .;

/* gcc uses crtbegin.o to find the start of

the constructors, so we make sure it is

first. Because this is a wildcard, it

doesn't matter if the user does not

actually link against crtbegin.o; the

linker won't look for a file to match a

wildcard. The wildcard also means that it

doesn't matter which directory crtbegin.o

is in. */

KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.ctors))

/* We don't want to include the .ctor section from

from the crtend.o file until after the sorted ctors.

The .ctor section from the crtend file contains the

end of ctors marker and it must be last */

KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o ) .ctors))

KEEP (*(SORT(.ctors.*)))

KEEP (*(.ctors))

__CTOR_END__ = .;

} > rom

.dtors :

{

__DTOR_LIST__ = .;

KEEP (*crtbegin.o(.dtors))

KEEP (*(EXCLUDE_FILE (*crtend.o ) .dtors))

KEEP (*(SORT(.dtors.*)))

KEEP (*(.dtors))

__DTOR_END__ = .;

} > rom

.preinit_array :

{

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);

KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);

} > rom

.init_array :

{

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);

KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))

KEEP (*(.init_array*))

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);

} > rom

.fini_array :

{

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);

KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))

KEEP (*(.fini_array*))

PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);

} > rom

.data :

{

. = ALIGN(128);

/* create _sdata symbol which keep

relocation(execution) address of data start */

_sdata = .;

__VECTOR_TABLE_RAM_START = .;

KEEP(*(.vectors_ram))

. = ALIGN(512);

__BDT_BASE = .;

*(.usb_bdt)

__BDT_END = .;

. = ALIGN(0x4);

*(.exception)

. = ALIGN(0x4);

__exception_table_start__ = .;

__exception_table_end__ = .;

__START_DATA = .;

*(.data*)

__END_DATA = .;

. = ALIGN(0x4);

__START_SDATA = .;

*(.sdata*)

__END_SDATA = .;

. = ALIGN(0x4);

__SDA_BASE = .;

__SDA_BASE_ = __SDA_BASE;

. = ALIGN(0x10);

/* create _edata symbol which keep

relocation(execution) address of data end */

_edata = .;

} > ram AT> rom

/* fill "__S_romp" table with memory region(s) to perform "rom to ram copy" */

.romp :

{

__S_romp = .;

LONG(LOADADDR(.data)); /* source (rom) address */

LONG(_sdata); /* target (ram) address */

LONG(_edata - _sdata); /* size */

/* null terminated */

LONG(0);

} > rom

.rom_end_data :

{

_rom_data_end = .;

} > rom

.bss :

{

. = ALIGN(0x10);

__START_SBSS = .;

*(.sbss*)

*(SCOMMON)

__END_SBSS = .;

__START_BSS = .;

__bss_start__ = __START_BSS;

*(.bss*)

*(COMMON)

__END_BSS = .;

__bss_end__ = __END_BSS;

. = ALIGN(0x10);

} > ram

/* move "location counter" to next relocated address */

. = ALIGN(0x10);

.kernel_data :

{

__KERNEL_DATA_START = ALIGN(0x10);

}

.end_of_kernel_data :

{

__KERNEL_DATA_END = .;

__KERNEL_AREA_END = .;

} > end_of_kd

.boot_stack :

{

_stack_end = .;

} > bstack

.end_of_boot_stack :

{

_stack_addr = .;

_estack = _stack_addr;

__SP_INIT = _stack_addr;

__BOOT_STACK_ADDRESS = .;

} > end_bstack

/* flashx working area spans across the whole rest of Flash memory */

_flashx_start = _rom_data_end;

__FLASHX_START_ADDR = ((_flashx_start + __FLASHX_SECT_SIZE - 1) / __FLASHX_SECT_SIZE) * __FLASHX_SECT_SIZE;

__FLASHX_END_ADDR = __INTERNAL_FLASH_BASE + __INTERNAL_FLASH_SIZE;

_end = .;

}

Thank you for any ideas

Mairo

Re: const array overwrite problem

RadekS — Thu, 25 Sep 2014 13:03:30 GMT

Could you please specify your platform?

Version of MQX, IDE(CW, IAR,…), Compiler (),…?

It seems that your linker file is for CW10 with GCC compiler.

From my point of view it looks like some problem with wrong combination of linker file, compiler and startup code (startup.c for GCC_CW, comp.c for GCC_ARM)….

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